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信息通信网络概论课件:Chapter_2__Application_and_Layered_Architectures.ppt
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信息通信网络概论课件:Chapter_2__Application_and_Layered_Architectures.ppt
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chapter 2 Application and Layered Architectures
chapter 2 Application and Layered
Architectures
2.1 The OSI Reference Model
2.1.1 The seven-layer OSI Reference Model
2.1.2 Unified View of Layers, Protocols, and Services
2.2 Overview of TCP/IP Architecture
2.2.1 TCP/IP Architecture
2.2.2 TCP/IP Protocol: how the layers Work Together
2.2.3 Protocol Overview
2.3 ATM Architecture
2.4 MPLS Architecture
2.5 WCDMA Protocol Structure
chapter 2 Application and Layered Architectures
Tasks for communication:
•
Process process ( machines)
•
Routing and forwarding (multiple hops)
•
Frame exchange (physical interface)
Network architecture: a set of protocols that specify how
every layer is to function
•
Flexibility to any services
•
layers
•
A set of protocols
preface
chapter 2 Application and Layered Architectures
Layer:
•
Service: provided by each layer to the layer above through
the interface
•
Interface: between layers, service is requested and result is
conveyed
•
Each layer invokes a service from layer below without
regard to how the service is implemented, flexibility
preface
chapter 2 Application and Layered Architectures
Why Layering?
•
Layering simplifies design, implementation, and
testing by partitioning overall communications
process into parts
•
Protocol in each layer can be designed separately
from those in other layers
•
Protocol makes “calls” for services from layer
below
•
Layering provides flexibility for modifying and
evolving protocols and services without having to
change layers below
•
Monolithic non-layered architectures are costly,
inflexible, and soon obsolete
chapter 2 Application and Layered Architectures
2.1 THE OSI REFERENCE MODEL
ISO: International Organization of Standardization
OSI: Open System Interconnection
Protocol stack: a list of protocols used by a certain
system, one protocol per layer, is called a protocol
stack
Protocol: an agreement between the communicating
parties on how communication proceed
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