河南省林州市第一中学高中英语Unit4Makingthenews倒装归纳素材新人教版必修5

【倒装语序】在英语中，倒装是一种特殊的句子构造方式，主要分为完全倒装和部分倒装。倒装的使用可以强调某些成分，或者调整句子的结构以符合语法规则。 【完全倒装】完全倒装是将主语和谓语的位置互换。例如，“Into the shop came two customers.” 这里，地点状语“Into the shop”置于句首，主语“two customers”被移到了谓语“came”的后面，形成了完全倒装。常见的情况包括： 1. 地点介词短语位于句首且主语为名词，如：“Under the tree is sitting a handsome young boy.” 2. 副词如“out, in, up, down, off, here, there, now, then”位于句首且主语为名词，如：“Here comes the assistant you want to see.” 3. “There be”结构，如：“There is a man at the bus stop.” 4. 形容词或过去分词作表语且位于句首，如：“Present at the party were all world-famous singers.” 5. 某些表达祝愿的句子，如：“Long live our friendship!” 【部分倒装】部分倒装则是将谓语的一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）提前到主语之前。例如，“Seldom have I read an article that was so full of lies.” 常见的部分倒装情况包括： 1. 含否定意义的副词或连词如“hardly, never, not, little, seldom, no longer, not only, not until”位于句首，如：“Never before have I seen such a thrilling film.” 2. “only”修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句在句首，如：“Only then did I know the importance of friendship.” 3. “so, neither, nor”引导的句子，表示前一情况也适用于另一个人或物，如：“Mrs. Wang has gone abroad, so has her daughter.” 4. “as”引导让步状语从句时，如：“Angry as / though Professor Smith was, he managed to speak calmly.” 5. “if”引导的虚拟条件句省略“if”，将were/had/should提至主语前，如：“Had Mike got up earlier, he could have caught the bus.” 【练习题答案】 1. 挂着一幅齐白石的画的英文为：“On the wall hangs a painting by Qi Baishi.” 2. 我才意识到发生了什么的英文为：“Only when I got home did I realize what had happened.” 3. 尽管我很疲惫的英文为：“Tired as I was, I continued my work.” 4. 那位顾客不仅抱怨饭菜的英文为：“Not only did the customer complain about the food, but also...” 以上就是关于倒装语序的详细解释和应用示例，涵盖了完全倒装和部分倒装的各种情况，以及在实际语境中的运用。掌握这些知识点，有助于理解和构建复杂的英语句子。