在英语语法中,"it"的使用经常是学生们容易出错的地方,特别是在各种陷阱题中。这些题目旨在考察学生对"it"作为形式主语、形式宾语、指代物等不同用法的理解和掌握。以下是一些关于"it"在英语中的常见用法和陷阱题解析:
1. "I haven’t bought _____ for five years." 此处选择"C. one","one"用于指代同类但非同一的事物,即泛指一件外套,而"it"通常用来指代前文提到的特定事物。
2. "He made _____ known to his friends..." 选"B. it",作为形式宾语,真正的宾语是"that"引导的从句,这种结构常用于动词如"make, consider, believe"等后面。
3. "It used to be thought _____ the Earth was flat." 选"D. that","it"在此作形式主语,真正的主语是"that"引导的从句,表示人们过去的想法。
4. "The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work..." 选"B. it","it"在这里指代前文的"new house",由于but的存在,不能用"which"来引导非限制性定语从句。
5. "_______ is well known _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997." 选"A. It, that","it"为形式主语,"that"引导的是主语从句,说明众所周知的事情。
6. "I leave _______ to your own judgment..." 选"B. it","it"在此处作形式宾语,真正的宾语是"whether you should do it"这个从句。
7. "Does ________ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?" 选"D. it","it"作为形式主语,代替后面的"if he can’t finish the job on time"这一事实。
8. "_______ is no wonder that they know each other so well." 选"D. It","It"是形式主语,"that"引导的主语从句是真正的主语,表示"难怪"的意思。
9. "_______ must be very noisy." 选"B. It","It"在这里代表住在繁忙街道上的情况,即"住在那里"这件事。
10. "Why don’t you bring ______ to his attention..." 选"D. it","it"在此作为形式宾语,真正的宾语是"that"引导的从句。
11. "She doesn’t look ________." 选"B. it","look"后接形容词,"it"在此处代表前面提到的年龄情况。
13. "_______ was known to them all that William had broken his promise..." 选"C. It","It"作形式主语,"that"引导同位语从句,解释"known"的内容。
14. "people make _______ a rule..." 选"C. it","make it + 名词 + to do"结构中,"it"作形式宾语,"to send Christmas presents"是真正的宾语。
通过这些题目,我们可以看到"it"在不同语境下的用法,了解它如何作为形式主语、形式宾语,以及在指代物中的运用。在解决这类问题时,关键在于理解句子结构和"it"所替代的实际成分。熟练掌握这些规则有助于提高英语阅读和写作能力,避免在实际使用中陷入"it"的陷阱。