C实现的tracert

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN #include <winsock2.h> //使用原始套接字需要WinSock2的支持 #include <ws2tcpip.h> //进行IPPROTO_IP级别设置时用到 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define ICMP_ECHO 8 //发送Ping请求时的ICMP报文类型 #define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0 //接收Ping回复时的ICMP报文类型 #define ICMP_TIMEOUT 11 //ICMP超时报文类型 #define ICMP_MIN 8 //Minimum 8-byte ICMP packet (header) #define MAX_PACKET 1024 //Max ICMP packet size #define DEICMP_PACKSIZE 44 //Defaut ICMP PACKET SIZE char lpdest[16]; //用来存放目的IP地址 DWORD cStartTickCount; //用来存放发送包的起始时间 typedef struct _icmphdr //ICMP头部定义，被封装在IP包中 { BYTE i_type; //报文类型 BYTE i_code; //代码 USHORT i_cksum; //校验和 USHORT i_id; //标识符 USHORT i_seq; //序号 }IcmpHeader; //初始化ICMP头部 void FillICMPData(char *icmp_data,int datasize) { IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr=NULL; char *datapart=NULL; icmp_hdr=(IcmpHeader *)icmp_data; icmp_hdr->i_type=ICMP_ECHO; //request an ICMP echo icmp_hdr->i_code=0; icmp_hdr->i_id=(USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId(); icmp_hdr->i_cksum=0; icmp_hdr->i_seq=0; datapart=icmp_data+sizeof(IcmpHeader); memset(datapart,'E',datasize-sizeof(IcmpHeader)); } //定义IP选项中记录路由选项的结构 typedef struct _IpRouterOptions { BYTE code;//代码 BYTE len;//选项长度 BYTE ptr;//指针 BYTE ip_addr;//最多lO个IP地址(实际个)(每个字节) 9 4 }IpRouterOptions； //定义IP探测信息结构(探测队列(等待回复包队列)中保存的信息) typedef struct _IPProbelnfo { DWORD dwIP;//IP地址 BYTE byProbeTTL;//发送探测信号时所用的TTL值 BYTE byProbeStep;//探测所位于的阶段 BYTE byRetryTimes;//探测重试的次数 B00L bRouterRecord;//是否使用记录路由选项 DWORD dwlPGateway;//探测子网时子网的网关IP地址 DWORD dwIPLast;//探测子网时上一次探测成功的IP地址(属于当前的子网) DWORD dwIPFirst;//探测子网时起始IP地址(当前子网发现的第一个IP地址) WORD wProbeIdentify;//发送探测信号时所用的识别号 WORD wProbeSerial;//发送探测信号时所用的序号 unsigned nTimeCount;//超时计算中时间计数器(以0．1s为单位) }IPProbelnfo； //校验和函数 USHORT checksum(USHORT *buffer,int size) { unsigned long cksum=0; while(size>1) { cksum+=*buffer++; size-=sizeof(USHORT); } if(size) cksum+=*(UCHAR *)buffer; cksum=(cksum>>16)+(cksum & 0xffff); cksum+=(cksum>>16); return (USHORT)(~cksum);; } int DecodeIPHeader(char *buf,int bytes,struct sockaddr_in *from) { IcmpHeader *icmphdr=NULL; DWORD tick; static int icmpcount=1; unsigned short iphdrlen; //判断接收操作是否超时 if(!buf) { printf("%2d: ***.***.***.*** Request timed out.\n",icmpcount++); return 1; } tick=GetTickCount(); iphdrlen=(buf[0] & 0x0f)*4; icmphdr=(IcmpHeader *)(buf+iphdrlen); if(bytes<iphdrlen+ICMP_MIN) { printf("Too few bytes from %s\n",inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); return 0; } //判断接收的ICMP报文是否为超时报文 if(icmphdr->i_type==ICMP_TIMEOUT&&icmphdr->i_code==0) { printf("%2d: %-15s %4dms\n",icmpcount++,inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr),tick-cStartTickCount); return 0; } //判断接收的ICMP报文是否为回复报文 else if(icmphdr->i_type==ICMP_ECHOREPLY&&icmphdr->i_id==GetCurrentProcessId()) { printf("%2d: %-15s %4dms\n",icmpcount++,inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr),tick-cStartTickCount); printf("Trace complete!\n"); return 1; } //其他类型,表示不可达 else { printf("%2d: Destination host is unreachable!\n",icmpcount++); return 1; } } int main() { WSADATA wsaData; SOCKET sockRaw=INVALID_SOCKET; struct sockaddr_in dest, from; int i,bread,fromlen=sizeof(from),timeout=1000,ret; struct hostent *hp=NULL; char *icmp_data=NULL,*recvbuf=NULL; USHORT seq_no=0; printf("Destination Address(IP/Host name):"); scanf("%s",lpdest); if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData)!=0) { printf("WSAStartup() failed:%d\n",GetLastError()); return -1; } //创建套接字 sockRaw=WSASocket(AF_INET,SOCK_RAW,IPPROTO_ICMP,NULL,0,WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED); if(sockRaw==INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("WSASocket() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } //对锁定套接字设置超时 bread=setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char *)&timeout,sizeof(timeout)); if(bread==SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("setsockopt(SO_RCVTIMEO) failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } timeout=1000; bread=setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char *)&timeout,sizeof(timeout)); if(bread==SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("setsockopt(SO_SNDTIMEO) failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } //解析目标地址，将主机名转化为IP地址 memset(&dest,0,sizeof(dest)); dest.sin_family=AF_INET; if((dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr(lpdest))==INADDR_NONE) { if((hp=gethostbyname(lpdest))!=NULL) { memcpy(&(dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr),hp->h_addr_list[0],hp->h_length); dest.sin_family=hp->h_addrtype; printf("dest.sin_addr=%s\n",inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr)); } else { printf("gethostbyname() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } } //Create the ICMP pakcet icmp_data=(char *)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,MAX_PACKET); recvbuf =(char *)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,MAX_PACKET); if(!icmp_data) { printf("HeapAlloc() failed: %d\n",GetLastError()); return -1; } memset(icmp_data,0,MAX_PACKET); FillICMPData(icmp_data,DEICMP_PACKSIZE); printf("Hop IP Address Time elapsed\n"); //开始发送/接收ICMP报文 for(i=1;i<=255;i++) { int bwrote; //设置IP包的生存期 ret=setsockopt(sockRaw,IPPROTO_IP,IP_TTL,(char *)&i,sizeof(int)); if(ret==SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("setsockopt(IP_TTL) failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); } ((IcmpHeader *)icmp_data)->i_cksum =0; ((IcmpHeader *)icmp_data)->i_seq=seq_no++; //Sequence number of ICMP packetsICMP数据包的序列号 ((IcmpHeader *)icmp_data)->i_cksum=checksum((USHORT *)icmp_data,DEICMP_PACKSIZE); //发送ICMP包请求查询 cStartTickCount=GetTickCount(); bwrote=sendto(sockRaw,icmp_data,DEICMP_PACKSIZE,0,(struct sockaddr *)&dest,sizeof(dest)); if(bwrote==SOCKET_ERROR) { if(WSAGetLastError()==WSAETIMEDOUT) { printf("timed out\n"); continue; } printf("sendto() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } if(bwrote<DEICMP_PACKSIZE) { printf("Wrote %d bytes\n",bwrote); } //接收ICMP回复包 bread=recvfrom(sockRaw,recvbuf,MAX_PACKET,0,(struct sockaddr *)&from,&fromlen); if(bread==SOCKET_ERROR) { if(WSAGetLastError()==WSAETIMEDOUT) { DecodeIPHeader(NULL,0,NULL); continue; } printf("recvfrom() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } if(DecodeIPHeader(recvbuf,bread,&from)) break; Sleep(1000); } if(sockRaw!=INVALID_SOCKET) closesocket(sockRaw); HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(),0,recvbuf); HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(),0,icmp_data); WSACleanup(); return 0; }