### 高中三年级英语二轮复习之短文改错知识点详解
#### 一、短文改错概述
短文改错是高中英语考试中的一个重要环节，主要考察学生的语法运用能力和语篇理解能力。通过此类练习，学生不仅能巩固基础语法知识，还能提升语言综合运用水平。
#### 二、具体知识点分析
##### （一）训练4-短文改错(Ⅳ)
**原文及答案对比：**
- **原句：** My flat is on the fifth floor of a high － rise building where is opposite a busy road.
- **改正后：** My flat is on the fifth floor of a high － rise building **which/that** is opposite a busy road.
- **解析：** “where”在此处用于引导地点状语从句时不太恰当，应改为“which/that”，使其成为定语从句的引导词，指代先行词building。
- **原句：** During the day we can hear the traffic passed outside, which can be quite disturbing.
- **改正后：** During the day we can hear the traffic **passing** outside, which can be quite disturbing.
- **解析：** 此处应该使用现在分词“passing”来表示正在进行的动作，与主句中的动作同时发生。
- **原句：** Fortunately, there was a park just outside our building, so we have a pleasant view of grass and trees from our living room with two window.
- **改正后：** Fortunately, there **is** a park just outside our building, so we have a pleasant view of grass and trees from our living room with two **windows**.
- **解析：** 由于整个段落都在描述一种常态情况，因此时态应保持一致，此处改为一般现在时。“two window”应该为复数形式“two windows”。
- **原句：** I often walk away through the park to get to the bus stop on the other's side.
- **改正后：** I often walk through the park to get to the bus stop on the **other side**.
- **解析：** “walk away”意为“离开”，不符合上下文逻辑；“the other's side”中的所有格形式不适用此处，“the other side”更符合语境。
- **原句：** Wait for the bus takes me sometime.
- **改正后：** **Waiting** for the bus takes me some **time**.
- **解析：** “Wait for the bus”作为句子的主语，需要使用动名词形式“Waiting”；“sometime”意为“某个时候”，根据上下文，应改为“some time”表示一段时间。
- **原句：** The town centre is quite near to my flat, so it's convenience for both shopping and entertainment.
- **改正后：** The town centre is quite near to my flat, so it's **convenient** for both shopping and entertainment.
- **解析：** “convenience”为名词形式，在此处应改为形容词“convenient”来修饰句子。
- **原句：** It's really a good place to live \s\up12(∧)．Warmly welcome to neighbourhood.
- **改正后：** It's really a good place to live. **Warmly welcome** to **your** neighbourhood.
- **解析：** “\s\up12(∧)”为特殊符号，应该删除；“to neighbourhood”缺少物主代词“your”。
#### 三、总结
通过上述训练例题，我们可以看到短文改错不仅考察学生对语法细节的掌握，还要求学生能够准确理解文章的整体意义，并且能够根据上下文合理地调整句子结构。为了更好地应对这类题目，建议学生在平时的学习过程中多加练习，并且注意积累常见的错误类型及其修正方法。此外，还需要注重培养自己的语感，学会从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和语言风格。
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