动词todo与doing的用法区别.doc

在英语语法中，动词后面接不同的非谓语形式，如不定式(to do)和动名词(doing)，会产生不同的含义和用法。本文件详细列举了接不定式和动名词的常见动词，帮助我们更好地理解和掌握这两种用法的区别。 一、接不定式 1. 作宾语的动词： 不定式在某些动词后面作宾语，表达一个具体的动作或行为，通常表示目的、决定、承诺等意义。例如： - afford to do sth. (负担得起做某事) - agree to do sth. (同意做某事) - arrange to do sth. (安排做某事) - ask to do sth. (要求做某事) - beg to do sth. (请求做某事) - care to do sth. (想要做某事) - choose to do sth. (选择做某事) - decide to do sth. (决定做某事) - demand to do sth. (要求做某事) - determine to do sth. (决心做某事) - expect to do sth. (期待做某事) - fear to do sth. (害怕做某事) - help to do sth. (帮助做某事) - hope to do sth. (希望做某事) - learn to do sth. (学习做某事) - manage to do sth. (设法做某事) - offer to do sth. (主动提出做某事) - plan to do sth. (计划做某事) - prepare to do sth. (准备做某事) - pretend to do sth. (假装做某事) - promise to do sth. (承诺做某事) - refuse to do sth. (拒绝做某事) - want to do sth. (想要做某事) - wish to do sth. (希望做某事) 此外，还有部分动词如aim to do sth., fail to do sth., long to do sth., happen to do sth., hesitate to do sth., struggle to do sth. 习惯上也接不定式。 2. 作宾补的动词： 不定式在一些动词后面作为宾语的补充成分，用来说明宾语的状态或结果。例如： - advise sb. to do sth. (建议某人做某事) - allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事) - ask sb. to do sth. (请/叫某人做某事) - bear sb. to do sth. (忍受某人做某事) - beg sb. to do sth. (请求某人做某事) - cause sb. to do sth. (导致某人做某事) - command sb. to do sth. (命令某人做某事) - drive sb. to do sth. (驱使某人做某事) - elect sb. to do sth. (选举某人做某事) - encourage sb. to do sth. (鼓励某人做某事) - expect sb. to do sth. (期望某人做某事) - forbid sb. to do sth. (禁止某人做某事) - force sb. to do sth. (强迫某人做某事) - get sb. to do sth. (使/要某人做某事) - hate sb. to do sth. (讨厌某人做某事) - help sb. to do sth. (帮助某人做某事) - intend sb. to do sth. (打算要某人做某事) - invite sb. to do sth. (邀请某人做某事) - leave sb. to do sth. (留下某人做某事) - like sb. to do sth. (喜欢某人做某事) - mean sb. to do sth. (打算要某人做某事) - need sb. to do sth. (需要某人做某事) - oblige sb. to do sth. (迫使某人做某事) - order sb. to do sth. (命令某人做某事) - permit sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事) - persuade sb. to do sth. (说服某人做某事) - prefer sb. to do sth. (宁愿某人做某事) - request sb. to do sth. (要求某人做某事) - remind sb. to do sth. (提醒某人做某事) - teach sb. to do sth. (教某人做某事) - tell sb. to do sth. (告诉某人做某事) - train sb. to do sth. (训练某人做某事) - trouble sb. to do sth. (麻烦某人做某事) - want sb. to do sth. (想要某人做某事) - warn sb. to do sth. (警告某人做某事) - wish sb. to do sth. (希望某人做某事) 二、动名词（不接不定式） 1. 作宾语的动词： 动名词在某些动词后面作宾语，表达一种持续性或习惯性的动作，常常带有主观感受或结果。例如： - admit doing sth. (承认做了某事) - advise doing sth. (建议做某事) - avoid doing sth. (避免做某事) - consider doing sth. (考虑做某事) - delay doing sth. (延迟做某事) - deny doing sth. (否认做过某事) - enjoy doing sth. (喜欢做某事) - escape doing sth. (逃避做某事) - finish doing sth. (完成做某事) - give up doing sth. (放弃做某事) - imagine doing sth. (想象做某事) - keep doing sth. (持续做某事) - mind doing sth. (介意做某事) - miss doing sth. (错过做某事) - practice doing sth. (练习做某事) - prevent doing sth. (防止做某事) - risk doing sth. (冒险做某事) - suggest doing sth. (建议做某事) - stop doing sth. (停止做某事) - try doing sth. (尝试做某事) - avoid doing sth. (避免做某事) - feel like doing sth. (想要做某事) - keep on doing sth. (继续做某事) - put off doing sth. (推迟做某事) - succeed in doing sth. (成功做某事) - be used to doing sth. (习惯于做某事) 这些例子展示了动词与不定式或动名词搭配时的差异，理解这些用法有助于提高英语写作和口语的准确性。在实际应用中，应根据具体情境和动词的习惯用法来选择合适的非谓语形式。