【知识点详解】
1. 动词用法辨析：
- take: 主要用于花费时间，如"It takes me an hour to finish my homework."
- spend: 用于人花费时间或金钱，如"I spend time reading books."
- cost: 物体的价值或价钱，如"The book costs me 20 dollars."
- pay: 通常与for连用，表示支付某物的费用，如"I have to pay for the meal."
2. 重点短语：
- be used to (doing) sth.: 表示习惯于做某事，如"She is used to getting up early."
- used to do sth.: 描述过去习惯性动作，如"He used to play basketball after school."
- be used for doing: 表示被用于做某事，如"A knife is used for cutting things."
- be used to do: 被用来做某事，如"The machine is used to clean the floor."
3. 常见表达：
- Ask permission: 请求允许，如"Can I use your computer?"
- since then: 从那时起，常用于现在完成时，如"We've been friends since then."
- in need: 需要帮助的，如"Help those in need."
- give sb. a hand: 帮助某人，如"I'll give you a hand with your luggage."
- suffer from: 受...之苦，如"He suffers from a headache."
- raise one's spirits: 使振奋，如"Music can raise our spirits."
- be afraid of: 害怕，如"I'm afraid of spiders."
- in order to: 为了，如"I study hard in order to get good grades."
- because of: 因为，如"We cancelled the trip because of the rain."
- pay for: 支付，如"You need to pay for the damages."
- since then: 自从那时，如"She has been living abroad since then."
- stay at home: 待在家，如"It's raining, so I'll stay at home."
- help sb. with sth.: 在某方面帮助某人，如"I'll help you with your math homework."
- enjoy doing sth.: 喜欢做某事，如"I enjoy playing guitar."
- decide to do sth.: 决定做某事，如"I decided to go to the gym."
- continue to do sth.: 继续做某事，如"We will continue to work on this project."
- wish to do sth.: 希望做某事，如"I wish to travel around the world."
- plan to do sth.: 计划做某事，如"I plan to visit Paris next year."
- hope to do sth.: 希望做某事，如"I hope to pass the exam."
- learn to do sth.: 学习做某事，如"I am learning to cook."
- have difficulty (in) doing sth.: 做...有困难，如"She has difficulty understanding the concept."
4. 单项选择题解答：
- 第1题答案：B. to，offer sth. to sb. 表示提供某物给某人。
- 第2题答案：C. alone, lonely，alone指独自一人，lonely指感到孤独。
- 第3题答案：C. many kinds of，表示多种类型的活动。
- 第4题答案：C. Teachers' Day，教师节的正确表达。
- 第5题答案：C. something special，形容词修饰不定代词放其后，且希望知道的是特别的事。
- 第6题答案：D. without，表示一言不发。
- 第7题答案：A. called，动词过去分词作后置定语，表示被称作H7N9的疾病。
- 第8题答案：C. died，过去式表示发生在过去的事情。
- 第9题答案：B. am having difficulty in，表示在语法学习上有困难。
这些是八年级下学期英语期中复习中的核心知识点，涵盖动词用法、短语搭配及语法运用，对于理解和提高英语能力至关重要。学生应重点掌握并熟练应用这些知识。
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