倒装句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,特别是在写作和翻译中,倒装句的运用能增强语言的表现力,使表达更为地道。倒装句通常分为部分倒装和完全倒装,根据不同的引导词或语境,其结构和用法也会有所差异。
我们来看由"Only"引导的倒装句。在这种情况下,"Only"后面跟的是状语,主句会进行部分倒装。例如:
1. "Only when the government takes serious measures can we expect the real improvement in air quality." 这句话中,"Only when"引导的状语从句置于句首,主句部分"can we expect"发生了部分倒装,强调了政府采取行动的重要性。
2. "Only through reading widely can one master knowledge and become a talent that the competitive 21st century calls for." 这个例子同样展示了"Only + 状语"的结构,强调广泛阅读对于个人成长的关键性。
3. "Only by reciting words is it impossible for anyone to get a good grade in the exam, not to mention the ability to communicate with foreigners." 这句话使用了否定形式的倒装,表明仅靠背单词不足以取得好成绩,更别提具备与外国人交流的能力了。
接下来是"Not until"引导的倒装句,它通常表示“直到……才……”。例如:
1. "Not until the 21st century did the Chinese athletes begin to amaze the world with their excellent performances at the Olympics." 这里,"Not until"引导的从句在句首,主句"did the Chinese athletes begin"部分倒装,强调了中国运动员在21世纪才开始在奥运会上展现卓越表现。
2. "Not until he was informed of being admitted to his dream university did he feel relieved." 这句话中,"Not until"后跟的是时间状语从句,主句的"did he feel"部分倒装,强调了得知被理想大学录取后他的心情变化。
3. "Not until their graduation from high school do a majority of students come to realize that they haven’t made the best use of time at school." 这个例子表达了大部分学生直到高中毕业才意识到他们在校期间未能充分利用时间。
我们看"Never"引导的倒装句,它可以用于两种时态结构:
1. "Never have people been so concerned about food safety issues as they are today." 这里,"Never have"引导的部分倒装句强调了现在人们对食品安全的关注程度达到了前所未有的水平。
倒装句的使用不仅可以增加句子的修辞效果,还能有效突出重点。在准备高考英语翻译时,熟练掌握这些倒装句型对于提升翻译质量和得分至关重要。练习和理解这些例句,有助于考生在实际应用中灵活运用倒装句,使表达更加精准生动。