轿车车身设计(sw+cad+说明书)cad图纸毕业生设计书.zip

班浓不素合’ 许 }g 晕秘，多狂 吉仃铭蛤' 10183 }91i9F9N)0显Nl1‘顾壑粗鲁拓即探伟墓任“ 组'坏谬黄草l作呆呈作租即梁不怀捧幽(佰禅 41-半祥捧 即}It孽lt}341最?;u1}r1;军哪夏il' 09' xi1' FP :R里kR卒I IF去艳幸即任u亩体扣小丫‘和业蜡醉卒W} IC 半铸牢男苯作早即教璧福裕书裸兴怀堆如倍晨宋络苯 某公路客车半承载式车身的设计与研究 Design and Research On Semi-integral Body of a Coach Bus 作者姓名：洪风涛 专业名称：车辆工程 指导教师：陈静 教授 学位类别：工程硕士 答辩日期： 2 0 1 2 年 1 2 月 2 日I 摘 要 在客车整体结构中，车身既是承受各方向受力的承载受力单元，又是为 乘客提供舒适服务的功能单元。作为承载受力单元，车身在客车行驶过程中 要承受着来自道路，乘客，车身自重及其它各种复杂载荷的共同作用。客车 上很多重要的总成部分都是以客车车身作为载体,因此客车车身在整个客车 系统中占有很重要的地位,车身强度和刚度的好坏直接关系到客车的使用寿 命和安全性。作为客车的功能单元，它应为司机提供便利舒适的工作环境， 并为其他乘客提供安全舒适的乘坐环境，保护乘客避免受到客车行使过程中 的振动、噪声、废气以及车外恶劣气候的影响；在发生交通事故时，安全的 车身结构和乘客保护系统有助于减少对乘客及行人造成的伤害。近年来，随 着社会的发展和经济水平的不断提高，人们对乘车安全性和舒适性要求不断 提高，同时由于能源问题的出现，使得客车工业对客车产品的开发水平要求 越来越高：它要求整车及各零部件具有足够的强度和刚度已及良好的振动特 性；同时为了降低油耗，要求尽量减轻车身自重。这成为了所有客车生产企 业所面临的一道难题，而本课题所设计的半承载式公路客车车身很好的解决 了这一问题。 半承载式这种车身结构，它的显著特征是地板骨架和底盘车架焊接为一 个整体。通过在底盘车架左右纵梁上焊接支撑牛腿、连接板等底架构件，将 车架和地板骨架通过焊接连接在一起，然后再与左/右侧车身骨架、前/后围 车身骨架和顶盖骨架组焊成一个完整的车身六面体。地板骨架和车架共同承 载各种载荷，因此这种结构称为半承载式车身。 本文以课题组承担的 LCK6899H 半承载式车身开发计划为依据展开研究， 论文首先进行了车辆总体设计方案的确定及设计说明，并分别对底架、车身II 上部骨架以及有关零部件的设计方案进行了详细阐述；然后对我所设计的此 款半承载式客车车身进行了详细的设计计算。根据此款车辆的总体布置，详 细计算了该款车辆的集中载荷和均布载荷的轴荷分配情况。在此计算基础上 应用材料力学的知识对此款车辆的骨架的强度进行了校核，结果表明此款车 辆骨架的强度满足此款客车的设计要求 [1] 。最后对此款半承载式客车车身的前 后围骨架、底架、左右侧骨架以及顶盖骨架和地板骨架进行 CAD 建模和有限 元分析。通过分析可以证明此款车辆骨架的强度满足此款客车的设计要求。 在理论校核后又通过样车试验验证了此款半承载式客车车身设计的合理性及 可靠性。不但能满足车身强度上的要求，在车辆的轻量化设计、提高整车舒 适性、节能环保等方面都具有非常重要的突破。 关键词：公路客车，半承载式车身，设计，有限元分析III ABSTRACT In the bus structure, the body is bearing unit and functional unit. As bearing unit, body in the passenger car driving to pressure from roads and other various complex load role. Car many important assembly components are body for the carrier, so the body in the whole bus system occupies very important position, the strength and stiffness of the direct influence on the bus service life and security. As a functional unit, the body should provide the driver with convenient working environment, for the crew to provide comfortable riding environment, protect them from bus when exercising vibration, noise, exhaust gas invasion and outside harsh climate; in the traffic accident, reliable body structure and occupant protection system helps to reduce the crew and pedestrian injuries caused by. In recent years, with the development of society and the improvement of economic level, people on the ride comfort and safety requirements continue to increase, at the same time as the energy problems, the car industry of passenger car product development level of increasingly demanding: it requires the vehicle and parts has enough strength and rigidity and good vibration characteristic at the same time requirements; reduce weight, reduce fuel consumption. This has become the place in bus production enterprises face a difficult problem, but this topic design and development of the semi-integral bus is a very good solution to this problem. Semi monologues structure characteristic is the body floor frame and the chassis frame are combined into a whole. The chassis frame welding bracket, a connecting board body chassis components, the chassis frame and body floor skeleton is welded, and then with the left / right side frame, front / rear wall frame and the top frame welding into the body. The floor of the vehicle body frame and a chassis frame bearing together, so called the semi-integral body. In this paper, with task group assumed LCK6899H semi-integral body development plan is the basis of research, firstly the vehicle overall design scheme and design, and separately to the chassis, bodywork, body modeling and related components technology design are introduced; then a semi-integral bus body design calculation, according to the vehicle's overall arrangement, the calculation of vehicle load, uniform load distribution of axle load, based on material mechanics theories on vehicle longitudinal strength check, the results show that the vehicle longitudinal beam strength to mee�