8. Multicast routing .................................................................................................................................40
9. Queueing Disciplines for Bandwidth Management ..........................................................................42
9.1. Queues and Queueing Disciplines explained............................................................................42
9.2. Simple, classless Queueing Disciplines ....................................................................................43
9.2.1. pfifo_fast.......................................................................................................................43
9.2.2. Token Bucket Filter ......................................................................................................45
9.2.3. Stochastic Fairness Queueing.......................................................................................48
9.3. Advice for when to use which queue ........................................................................................50
9.4. Terminology ..............................................................................................................................50
9.5. Classful Queueing Disciplines ..................................................................................................53
9.5.1. Flow within classful qdiscs & classes ..........................................................................53
9.5.2. The qdisc family: roots, handles, siblings and parents.................................................54
9.5.3. The PRIO qdisc ............................................................................................................55
9.5.4. The famous CBQ qdisc ................................................................................................58
9.5.5. Hierarchical Token Bucket ...........................................................................................66
9.6. Classifying packets with filters .................................................................................................67
9.6.1. Some simple filtering examples....................................................................................67
9.6.2. All the filtering commands you will normally need.....................................................68
9.7. The Intermediate queueing device (IMQ).................................................................................70
9.7.1. Sample configuration....................................................................................................70
10. Load sharing over multiple interfaces .............................................................................................72
10.1. Caveats ....................................................................................................................................73
10.2. Other possibilities ...................................................................................................................73
11. Netfilter & iproute - marking packets..............................................................................................75
12. Advanced filters for (re-)classifying packets ...................................................................................77
12.1. The u32 classifier....................................................................................................................78
12.1.1. U32 selector................................................................................................................78
12.1.2. General selectors ........................................................................................................79
12.1.3. Specific selectors ........................................................................................................81
12.2. The route classifier ...............................................................................................................82
12.3. Policing filters .........................................................................................................................83
12.3.1. Ways to police ............................................................................................................83
12.3.2. Overlimit actions ........................................................................................................84
12.3.3. Examples ....................................................................................................................85
12.4. Hashing filters for very fast massive filtering .........................................................................85
12.5. Filtering IPv6 Traffic...............................................................................................................87
12.5.1. How come that IPv6 tc filters do not work? ...............................................................88
12.5.2. Marking IPv6 packets using ip6tables........................................................................88
12.5.3. Using the u32 selector to match IPv6 packet .............................................................88
13. Kernel network parameters ..............................................................................................................90
13.1. Reverse Path Filtering .............................................................................................................90
13.2. Obscure settings ......................................................................................................................91
13.2.1. Generic ipv4 ...............................................................................................................91
13.2.2. Per device settings ......................................................................................................96
13.2.3. Neighbor policy ..........................................................................................................97
13.2.4. Routing settings ..........................................................................................................98
iv
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追梦人962015-01-01作为参考手册，英文版
