PSpice
®
includes PSpice A/D, PSpice A/D Basics, and PSpice
User’s Guide
Pspug.book Page 1 Tuesday, May 16, 2000 1:17 PM
Cadence PCB Systems Division
13221 SW 68th Parkway, Suite 200
Portland, OR 97223
Copyright © 1985-2000 Cadence Design Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
Allegro, Ambit, BuildGates, Cadence, Cadence logo, Concept, Diva, Dracula, Gate
Ensemble, NC Verilog, OpenBook online documentation library, Orcad, Orcad
Capture, PSpice, SourceLink online customer support, SPECCTRA, Spectre, Vampire,
Verifault-XL, Verilog, Verilog-XL, and Virtuoso are registered trademarks of Cadence
Design Systems, Inc.
Affirma, Assura, Cierto, Envisia, Mercury Plus, Quickturn, Radium, Silicon Ensemble,
and SPECCTRAQuest are trademarks of Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
Alanza is a service mark of Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
All other brand and product names mentioned herein are used for identification
purposes only and are registered trademarks, trademarks, or service marks of their
respective holders.
Part Number 60-30-632
Second Edition 31 May 2000
Cadence PCB Systems Division (PSD) offices
PSD main office (Portland) (503) 671-9500
PSD Irvine office (949) 788-6080
PSD Japan office 81-45-682-5770
PSD UK office 44-1256-381-400
PSD customer support (877) 237-4911
PSD web site www.orcad.com
PSD customer support web page www.orcad.com/technical/technical.asp
PSD customer support email form www.orcad.com/technical/email_support.asp
Pspug.book Page 2 Tuesday, May 16, 2000 1:17 PM
Contents
Before you begin xxv
Welcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv
How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi
Symbols and conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi
Related documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii
What this user’s guide covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxx
PSpice A/D overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxi
PSpice A/D Basics overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxi
PSpice overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxi
If you don’t have the standard PSpice A/D package . . . . . . . . . . xxxii
Comparison of the different versions of PSpice . . . . . . . . . . . xxxii
If you have PSpice A/D Lite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxv
Limits of PSpice A/D Lite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxv
Minimum hardware requirements for running PSpice: . . . . . . . xxxv
What’s new . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxvi
Part one Simulation primer
Things you need to know 41Chapter 1
Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
What is PSpice A/D? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Analyses you can run with PSpice A/D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Basic analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
DC sweep & other DC calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
AC sweep and noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Transient and Fourier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Advanced multi-run analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Parametric and temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Monte Carlo and sensitivity/worst-case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Analyzing waveforms with PSpice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
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Contents
iv
What is waveform analysis? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Using PSpice with Orcad programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Using Capture to prepare for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
What is the PSpice Stimulus Editor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
What is the PSpice Model Editor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Files needed for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Files that Capture generates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Netlist file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Circuit file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Other files that you can configure for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Model library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Stimulus file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Include file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Configuring model library, stimulus, and include files . . . . . . 54
Files that PSpice generates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Waveform data file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
PSpice output file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Simulation examples 57Chapter 2
Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Example circuit creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Finding out more about setting up your design . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Running PSpice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Performing a bias point analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Using the simulation output file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Finding out more about bias point calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
DC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Setting up and running a DC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Displaying DC analysis results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Finding out more about DC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Transient analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Finding out more about transient analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
AC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Setting up and running an AC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
AC sweep analysis results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Finding out more about AC sweep and noise analysis . . . . . . . . 83
Parametric analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Setting up and running the parametric analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Analyzing waveform families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Finding out more about parametric analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Performance analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
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Contents
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Finding out more about performance analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Part two Design entry
Preparing a design for simulation 95Chapter 3
Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Checklist for simulation setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Typical simulation setup steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Advanced design entry and simulation setup steps . . . . . . . . . . . 97
When netlisting fails or the simulation does not start . . . . . . . . . . 98
Things to check in your design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Things to check in your system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Using parts that you can simulate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Vendor-supplied parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Part naming conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Finding the part that you want . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Passive parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Breakout parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Behavioral parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Using global parameters and expressions for values . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Global parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Declaring and using a global parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Specifying expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Defining power supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
For the analog portion of your circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
For A/D interfaces in mixed-signal circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Default digital power supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Custom digital power supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Defining stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Analog stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Using VSTIM and ISTIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
If you want to specify multiple stimulus types . . . . . . . . . . 117
Digital stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Things to watch for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Unmodeled parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Do this if the part in question is from the Orcad libraries . . . . 119
Check for this if the part in question is custom-built . . . . . . . 121
Unconfigured model, stimulus, or include files . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Check for this . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Unmodeled pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
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