【知识点详解】
1. **earn one's living** 这个短语表示“谋生”，意味着通过工作或活动来获得维持生活所需的基本收入。例如："Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant." 这句话表明他可能能够通过经营餐厅来维持生活，而不必关闭它。短语 "earn one's living" 的同义词是 "make one's living"，如 "A teacher earns his living by teaching." 教师通过教书谋生。另外，"earn money" 意为“挣钱”，"earn one's own living" 则表示“自食其力”，强调不依赖他人。需要注意的是，短语中的 "one's" 或 "a" 不能被 "the" 替换，"living" 也不能写作 "livings"。
2. **be in debt** 这个短语意为“欠债”，指的是因为借款或未支付账单而处于负债的状态。例如："He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular." 由于餐厅不再受欢迎，他并不期待自己会负债。"be in debt" 强调的是负债的状态，而 "get/run into debt" 表示的是负债的行为。此外，"be in one's debt" 意为“欠某人的情，受某人的恩惠”，"out of debt" 则表示“不欠债"，"pay off one's debts" 是“偿清某人的债务”。
练习题目：
1. "You are old enough to _______ your own living."
正确答案是 D. earn。这句表示你已经足够大可以自己谋生了。
2. "These poor girls had to ____ ___ ______by selling newspapers."
完成句子为 "These poor girls had to earn their living by selling newspapers." 这些可怜的女孩通过卖报纸来谋生。
3. "Parents should allow their children to _____ ______ _____ _________ ( 自食其力 )."
完成句子为 "Parents should allow their children to earn their own living." 父母应该让孩子学会自食其力。
4. "I am heavily __________ at the moment, but I hope to be out of it when I get paid."
正确答案是 A. in debt。我目前负债累累，但希望发工资后能还清债务。
5. "Since they bought the house, the Smiths ____ _____ ____ _____ ( 欠债 ) in these years."
完成句子为 "Since they bought the house, the Smiths have been in debt in these years." 自从买了房子以来，史密斯一家这些年一直负债。
6. "I need to ____ ___ ___ ___ ____( 偿清我所有的债务 )."
完成句子为 "I need to pay off all my debts." 我需要偿还我所有的债务。
7. "It was hard to stay _____ _____ _______( 不欠债 ) at that time."
完成句子为 "It was hard to stay out of debt at that time." 那个时候不欠债是很困难的。
以上就是关于 "earn one's living" 和 "be in debt" 这两个核心知识点的详细解析及相关的习题示例。掌握这些短语和表达方式对于理解和使用英语中的经济生活概念至关重要。
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