【知识点详解】
在高三英语高考的第一轮复习中,掌握实用情景交际是非常关键的。这不仅因为《考试大纲》要求考生能熟练运用问候、告别、感谢、致歉、介绍、请求等基本的交际用语,还因为近年来高考英语试题中,交际用语的考察一直占据着重要地位,有时一道题目会涉及多个交际功能的运用。以下是对主要考点的详细解释:
1. **问候 (Greetings)**:包括Good morning/afternoon/evening、Hello/Hi、How are you?等。回应可以是Fine, thank you. And you?或Very well, thank you.
2. **介绍 (Introductions)**:This is...用于介绍他人,自我介绍时可以说My name is...,并表明身份如I’m a student/worker等。
3. **告别 (Farwells)**:常见告别语有I think it’s time for us to leave now.、Goodbye!、See you later/tomorrow.、Good night.等。
4. **打电话 (Making telephone calls)**:询问对方时说Hello! May I speak to...?如果对方不在,可让别人留言:Hold on, please. He/She isn’t here right now. Can I take a message for you?
5. **感谢与应答 (Thanks and responses)**:感谢可以用Thank you (very much)、Thanks a lot、Many thanks、Thanks for...;回应则有Not at all、That’s all right、You’re welcome等。
6. **祝愿、祝贺与应答 (Wishes, congratulations and responses)**:祝好运说Good luck!,祝贺用Congratulations!,节日祝福如Happy New Year!、Merry Christmas!、Happy birthday to you.,回应通常是Thank you,有时也可说The same to you.
7. **意愿 (Intentions)**:表达将来计划或愿望,常用I’m going to...、I will...、I’d like to...、I want/hope to...。
8. **道歉与应答 (Apologies and responses)**:道歉常用I’m sorry.、Excuse me.,回应包括That’s all right.、It doesn’t matter.、That’s nothing.
9. **遗憾与同情 (Regrets and sympathy)**:听到不好的消息时,可说What a pity! 或I’m sorry to hear...。
10. **邀请与应答 (Invitations and responses)**:邀请语如Will you come to...?、Would you like to...?,接受邀请时回应Yes, I’d love to...,拒绝时可说I’d love to, but...。
11. **提供帮助与应答 (Offers and responses)**:主动提供帮助时,如Can I help you?、What can I do for you?,接受帮助时答Thanks. That would be nice/fine.,拒绝时说No, thanks/thank you.,但也可以礼貌地解释原因。
12. **请求允许与应答 (Asking for permission and responses)**:寻求许可时问May I...?、Can/Could I...?,同意时回答Yes, please.,不同意时可说No, you’d better not.或You’d better not.
这些交际用语是英语日常对话和考试中的基础,熟练掌握它们不仅能帮助考生在高考中取得好成绩,还能在实际生活中提升沟通能力。在复习过程中,要注重情境模拟和实践应用,确保能在不同场合准确、得体地使用这些交际表达。