这篇文档实际上是一个针对高一学生提高英语写作能力的PPT学习教案，主要涵盖了英语作文的篇章结构、常用句子以及如何运用高级词汇和短语。以下是对这些知识点的详细阐述：
1. **文章结构**：
- 为了清晰地组织文章，可以使用一系列过渡词来表明论点的顺序。例如，“first, second, third, last”，“firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally”，“to start with, furthermore, finally”，“first and foremost, besides/in addition/what’s more, last but not least”，以及“on the one hand, on the other hand”和“for one thing, for another thing”。
2. **高级句子**：
- 坚韧不拔的精神在学习英语时至关重要，如：“No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.” 这强调了毅力的重要性。
- 引用俗语可增加表达的深度，比如：“As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.” 这句话鼓励学生面对挑战时要有决心。
- 描述事物的两面性是常见的论证手法，如：“We all know that everything has its two sides. ______ is no exception. It has both advantages and disadvantages.”
3. **知识的力量与避免错误**：
- 强调知识的价值：“As is known to us, knowledge is power.”
- 反思错误：“To tell the truth, many mistakes we made could have been avoided.” 提醒学生要从错误中吸取教训。
4. **成功的关键**：
- 提示成功的秘诀：“There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.” 和 “It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work.” 鼓励学生们勤奋努力。
5. **时间与努力**：
- 描述非凡成就背后的付出：“As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.” 和 “It was not until recently that the problem was solved.” 强调了耐心和持久的重要性。
6. **社会发展与科技进步的影响**：
- 如：“With the development of society/science, ……” 揭示了社会变迁对生活的影响，如互联网的作用：“The Internet plays a more and more important part in our daily life.”
7. **英语学习的普遍问题**：
- 许多学生在英语学习上遇到困难是众所周知的事实：“It is well-known that a lot of students have trouble in learning English.”
8. **使用高级词汇和短语**：
- 提升语言层次，将简单句改为高级表达，如：“He is a good student.” 可改为 “He is an excellent/extraordinary student.”
- 使用短语替换简单词，如：“I like music.” 可改为 “I am fond of/interested in music.”
- 应用谚语增强表达力，如：“As the saying goes, ‘Where there is a will, there is a way.’”
9. **举例和结论**：
- 在提出观点后，可以使用“Take… for example.” 或 “… For example,…”来举例证明。
- 结束时，使用总结性的短语，如：“To sum up,”，“From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that…”，“All in all,”，“In conclusion,” 或 “On the whole,” 来归纳要点。
这份PPT教案旨在帮助学生构建有条理的文章，使用丰富的词汇和表达，以及有效地论证观点，从而提升他们的英语写作水平。通过实践这些技巧，学生可以逐步提高自己的英语写作能力，写出更有深度和说服力的文章。
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