ECMA-334
4
th
Edition / June 2006
C# Language
Specification
ECMA-334
4
th
Edition / June 2006
C# Language Specification
Ecma International Rue du Rhône 114 CH-1204 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01 www.ecma-international.org
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Table of Contents
iii
Table of Contents
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................xvii
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................xix
1. Scope.............................................................................................................................................................1
2. Conformance ............................................................................................................................................... 3
3. Normative references..................................................................................................................................5
4. Definitions....................................................................................................................................................7
5. Notational conventions................................................................................................................................9
6. Acronyms and abbreviations ...................................................................................................................11
7. General description................................................................................................................................... 13
8. Language overview.................................................................................................................................... 15
8.1 Getting started ....................................................................................................................................... 15
8.2 Types..................................................................................................................................................... 16
8.2.1 Predefined types............................................................................................................................. 17
8.2.2 Conversions....................................................................................................................................19
8.2.3 Array types..................................................................................................................................... 20
8.2.4 Type system unification................................................................................................................. 22
8.3 Variables and parameters ...................................................................................................................... 22
8.4 Automatic memory management .......................................................................................................... 25
8.5 Expressions ...........................................................................................................................................27
8.6 Statements ............................................................................................................................................. 28
8.7 Classes...................................................................................................................................................31
8.7.1 Constants........................................................................................................................................ 33
8.7.2 Fields.............................................................................................................................................. 33
8.7.3 Methods..........................................................................................................................................34
8.7.4 Properties ....................................................................................................................................... 35
8.7.5 Events............................................................................................................................................. 36
8.7.6 Operators........................................................................................................................................ 37
8.7.7 Indexers.......................................................................................................................................... 38
8.7.8 Instance constructors...................................................................................................................... 39
8.7.9 Finalizers........................................................................................................................................ 40
8.7.10 Static constructors........................................................................................................................ 40
8.7.11 Inheritance....................................................................................................................................41
8.7.12 Static classes ................................................................................................................................42
8.7.13 Partial type declarations...............................................................................................................42
8.8 Structs....................................................................................................................................................43
8.9 Interfaces...............................................................................................................................................44
8.10 Delegates.............................................................................................................................................45
8.11 Enums..................................................................................................................................................46
8.12 Namespaces and assemblies................................................................................................................46
8.13 Versioning........................................................................................................................................... 48
8.14 Extern aliases.......................................................................................................................................49
8.15 Attributes.............................................................................................................................................51
8.16 Generics............................................................................................................................................... 52
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