
摘要
对近红外光谱(NIRS)分析技术结合化学计量学方法定量检测混合溶液中鲜味物质浓度及其
鲜味强度的可行性进行探讨。以谷氨酸钠与肌苷酸二钠所构成的鲜味物质混合溶液为研究
对象,获取不同鲜味强度的样本并采集其近红外光谱数据。基于偏最小二乘回归法结合竞争
性自适应移动窗口区间组合(CMIC)新算法,以及多种常用变量优化算法分别建立混合溶液中
鲜味物质浓度和混合溶液鲜味强度的检测模型。实验结果表明,最优的混合溶液中鲜味物质
浓度和混合溶液鲜味强度检测模型均是基于 CMIC 算法建立的简化模型,预测决定系数分别
为 0.8886、0.9182 和 0.8097。因此,NIRS 分析技术结合化学计量学方法可应用于定量检
测混合溶液中鲜味物质浓度及其鲜味强度。
Abstract
The feasibility of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with stoichiometry for
quantitative determination of umami substances and umami intensity in mixed solutions
is discussed. The mixed solution of umami substance composed of monosodium
glutamate and disodium inosinate is used as the research object to obtain samples of
different umami intensity and collect their near-infrared spectral data. Based on the
partial least squares regression method combined with the new competitive adaptive
moving window interval combination (CMIC) algorithm, and a variety of commonly used
variable optimization algorithms, the detection models of umami concentration and
umami intensity in mixed solution are established. The experimental results show that the
optimal detection models of umami concentration and umami intensity of mixed solution
are simplified models based on CMIC algorithm, and the predictive determinations are
0.8886, 0.9182, and 0.8097, respectively. Therefore, the NIRS analysis technique
combined with stoichiometry can be applied to quantitatively detect umami concentration
and umami intensity in mixed solutions.
1 引言
随着社会经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高,人们开始追求食品具有较好的滋味,
而鲜味是食品滋味的重要组成部分之一。鲜味的概念最早由日本学者池田菊苗于 1980 年
提出,在 20 世纪 80 年代被列为人的第五种味觉
[1-3]
,其是由特异性味觉受体结合鲜味物质后
通过味觉神经纤维将所识别的信号传至大脑产生的味感
[4]
。鲜味物质包括氨基酸类、核苷
酸类、肽类、有机酸类和有机碱类等物质
[5]
,其中谷氨酸钠(MSG)和肌苷酸二纳(IMP)是鲜味
物质的代表。食品鲜味强度的检测方法包括滋味活性值(TAV)、味精当量(EUC)、感官评价
和生物传感器检测等。TAV 常用来判断单一鲜味物质在某一体系中的滋味贡献
[6]
,EUC 用来