锅炉温度控制系统及其界面设计
专业:计算机科学与技术
(三号宋体,缩进在此位置,给出专业全称)
班级:2003 级 2 班
(三号宋体,缩进在此位置,给出年级、班级)
姓名:广泛大
(三号宋体,缩进在此位置)
沈阳大学毕业设计(论文)
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目 录
摘 要 ............................................................I
Abstract ........................................................II
1. 绪 论 .........................................................1
1.1. 课题意义与研究目的 ......................................1
1.2. 国内外研究现状 ..........................................1
1.3. 温度控制的发展概况 ......................................2
1.4. 模糊理论的发展状况 ......................................3
1.5. 本文研究内容 ............................................4
2. 基于常规 PID 控制的锅炉温度控制设计与仿真 ......................5
2.1. 常规 PID 控制理论概述 ....................................5
2.1.1. 模拟 PID 控制器 ....................................5
2.1.2 数字 PID 控制器 .....................................6
2.2. PID 初始参数的整定 .......................................7
2.2.1. 采样周期 T 的确定 ..................................8
2.2.2. 仿真曲线拟合法建模 ................................9
2.2.3. 两种工业常用的参数整定方法 ........................9
2.3. 常规 PID 数字控制器设计 .................................12
2.4. 本章小结 ...............................................13
3. 基于模糊控制的锅炉温度控制设计与仿真 .........................14
3.1. 模糊控制算法概述 .......................................14
3.2. 模糊控制系统的组成 .....................................14
3.3. 模糊控制系统的基本原理 .................................15
3.4. 模糊控制器的设计 .......................................19
3.4.1. 设计简介 .........................................19
3.4.2. 在线模糊推理控制 .................................20
3.4.3. 模糊推理系统编辑器的应用 .........................21
沈阳大学毕业设计(论文)
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3.5. 本章小结 ...............................................28
4. 基于模糊 PID 控制的锅炉温度控制设计与仿真 .....................29
4.1. 模糊 PID 控制器的工作原理 ...............................29
4.2. 模糊 PID 控制器的设计 ...................................31
4.3 本章小结 .................................................39
5. 基于智能控制的锅炉温度调节系统设计与仿真软件开发 .............40
5.1. Matlab GUI 概述 .........................................40
5.2. 软件结构设计 ...........................................42
5.3. 软件功能设计与实现 .....................................43
5.3.1. 系统登录界面设计 .................................43
5.3.2. 系统欢迎界面设计 .................................46
5.3.3. 系统介绍界面设计 .................................46
5.3.4. 系统主界面设计 ...................................47
5.3.5. 系统退出界面设计 .................................50
5.4. 本章小结 ...............................................51
6. 总结与展望 ...................................................52
6.1. 总结 ...................................................52
6.2. 展望 ...................................................52
致 谢 ...........................................................54
参考文献 ........................................................55
附 录 ...........................................................56
沈阳大学毕业设计(论文)
II
摘 要
温度是工业中非常常见的参数,对此大多数工业工厂都有严格的温度要求。首先本文
选择的锅炉是工业生产中非常常见的系统。同时,它也是一个具有非线性滞后、惯性和不
确定性的控制对象。然后本文介绍了常规的 PID 温度控制,常规的 PID 控制具有结构简单、
参数调整方便等优点,得到了广泛的应用。然而,常规 PID 控制的效果过于依赖于数学目
标模型的准确性且对于对象模型的控制有很大的局限性,很难识别锅炉等精确模型。考虑
到预期对象的非线性和时变性,以及多维概念、大量随机干扰、复杂的过程机理、不确定
性和不完整的测量场等因素,很难建立精确的模型。此时,常规的 PID 控制很难解决这个
复杂的问题,而模糊控制的出现更好的解决了这个问题。之后,随着智能控制的发展,基
于模糊控制的 PID 模糊控制越来越完善,在温度控制中取得了良好的控制效果。仿真结果
表明,PID 模糊控制在高速响应、残余系统抑制和抗干扰方面优于常规 PID 控制。本文对
仿真模型进行控制,起到了良好的控制效果,具有一定的实际意义。最后,尝试开发了一
种基于智能控制的温度调节仿真软件,获得较好的运行成果。
关键词:锅炉;常规 PID 控制;模糊控制;模糊 PID 控制
沈阳大学毕业设计(论文)
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Abstract
Temperature is a very common parameter in industry, and most industrial plants have strict
temperature requirements. Firstly, the rubber extruder selected in this paper is a very common
system in industrial production. It is also a control object with nonlinear lag, inertia and
uncertainty. Then this paper introduces the conventional PID temperature control. The
conventional PID control has the advantages of simple structure and convenient parameter
adjustment, and has been widely used. However, the effect of conventional PID control is too
dependent on the accuracy of the mathematical target model and has great limitations for the
control of the object model. It is difficult to identify accurate models such as rubber extruders.
Considering the nonlinear and time-varying of the expected object, as well as the
multidimensional concept, a large number of random interference, complex process mechanism,
uncertainty and incomplete measurement field, it is difficult to establish an accurate model. At
this time, the conventional PID control is difficult to solve this complex problem, and the
emergence of fuzzy control better solves this problem. After that, with the development of
intelligent control, PID fuzzy control based on fuzzy control is more and more perfect, and has
achieved good control effect in temperature control. The simulation results show that PID fuzzy
control is superior to conventional PID control in high speed response, residual system
suppression and anti-interference. In this paper, the simulation model control, has played a good
control effect, has certain practical significance. Finally, a temperature regulation simulation
software based on intelligent control is developed to obtain better operation results.
Key words: Rubber extruder ; conventional PID control ; fuzzy control ; fuzzy PID control