iii
8.1 When to Use Public Key Cryptography.................................................184
8.2 Diffie-Hellman............................................................................................185
8.2 Diffie-Hellman............................................................................................190
8.3 Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)..........................................................195
8.4 RSA.............................................................................................................200
8.5 The EVP Public Key Interface................................................................205
8.6 Encoding and Decoding Objects............................................................213
Chapter 9. OpenSSL in Other Languages......................................................220
9.1 Net::SSLeay for Perl ................................................................................220
9.2 M2Crypto for Python................................................................................225
9.3 OpenSSL Support in PHP.......................................................................233
Chapter 10. Advanced Programming Topics..................................................241
10.1 Object Stacks..........................................................................................241
10.2 Configuration Files .................................................................................242
10.3 X.509 ........................................................................................................245
10.4 PKCS#7 and S/MIME ............................................................................259
10.5 PKCS#12.................................................................................................268
Appendix A. Command-Line Reference..........................................................270
asn1parse............................................................................................................270
ca........................................................................................................................271
ciphers................................................................................................................277
crl .......................................................................................................................277
crl2pkcs7............................................................................................................279
dgst.....................................................................................................................280
dhparam..............................................................................................................281
dsa ......................................................................................................................282
dsaparam ............................................................................................................284
enc......................................................................................................................285
errstr...................................................................................................................287
gendsa ................................................................................................................287
genrsa.................................................................................................................288
nseq ....................................................................................................................289
passwd................................................................................................................289
pkcs7 ..................................................................................................................290
pkcs8 ..................................................................................................................291
pkcs12 ................................................................................................................293
rand ....................................................................................................................296
req ......................................................................................................................296
rsa.......................................................................................................................301
rsautl...................................................................................................................302
s_client...............................................................................................................304
s_server ..............................................................................................................306
s_time.................................................................................................................309
sess_id................................................................................................................311
smime.................................................................................................................312
speed ..................................................................................................................316
spkac ..................................................................................................................316
verify..................................................................................................................317
version................................................................................................................318
x509....................................................................................................................319
