使用c语言来实现如果cmd中的ping

/*导入库文件*/ #pragma comment( lib, "ws2_32.lib" ) /*加载头文件*/ #include <winsock2.h> #include <ws2tcpip.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> /*定义常量*/ /*表示要记录路由*/ #define IP_RECORD_ROUTE 0x7 /*默认数据报大小*/ #define DEF_PACKET_SIZE 32 /*最大的ICMP数据报大小*/ #define MAX_PACKET 1024 /*最大IP头长度*/ #define MAX_IP_HDR_SIZE 60 /*ICMP报文类型，回显请求*/ #define ICMP_ECHO 8 /*ICMP报文类型，回显应答*/ #define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0 /*最小的ICMP数据报大小*/ #define ICMP_MIN 8 /*自定义函数原型*/ void InitPing(); void UserHelp(); void GetArgments(int argc, char** argv); USHORT CheckSum(USHORT *buffer, int size); void FillICMPData(char *icmp_data, int datasize); void FreeRes(); void DecodeIPOptions(char *buf, int bytes); void DecodeICMPHeader(char *buf, int bytes, SOCKADDR_IN* from); void PingTest(int timeout); /*IP报头字段数据结构*/ typedef struct _iphdr { unsigned int h_len:4; /*IP报头长度*/ unsigned int version:4; /*IP的版本号*/ unsigned char tos; /*服务的类型*/ unsigned short total_len; /*数据报总长度*/ unsigned short ident; /*惟一的标识符*/ unsigned short frag_flags; /*分段标志*/ unsigned char ttl; /*生存期*/ unsigned char proto; /*协议类型(TCP、UDP等)*/ unsigned short checksum; /*校验和*/ unsigned int sourceIP; /*源IP地址*/ unsigned int destIP; /*目的IP地址*/ } IpHeader; /*ICMP报头字段数据结构*/ typedef struct _icmphdr { BYTE i_type; /*ICMP报文类型*/ BYTE i_code; /*该类型中的代码号*/ USHORT i_cksum; /*校验和*/ USHORT i_id; /*惟一的标识符*/ USHORT i_seq; /*序列号*/ ULONG timestamp; /*时间戳*/ } IcmpHeader; /*IP选项头字段数据结构*/ typedef struct _ipoptionhdr { unsigned char code; /*选项类型*/ unsigned char len; /*选项头长度*/ unsigned char ptr; /*地址偏移长度*/ unsigned long addr[9]; /*记录的IP地址列表*/ } IpOptionHeader; /*定义全局变量*/ SOCKET m_socket; IpOptionHeader IpOption; SOCKADDR_IN DestAddr; SOCKADDR_IN SourceAddr; char *icmp_data; char *recvbuf; USHORT seq_no ; char *lpdest; int datasize; BOOL RecordFlag; double PacketNum; BOOL SucessFlag; /*初始化变量函数*/ void InitPing() { WSADATA wsaData; icmp_data = NULL; seq_no = 0; recvbuf = NULL; RecordFlag = FALSE; lpdest = NULL; datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE; PacketNum = 5; SucessFlag = FALSE; /*Winsock初始化*/ if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) { /*如果初始化不成功则报错，GetLastError()返回发生的错误信息*/ printf("WSAStartup() failed: %d\n", GetLastError()); return ; } m_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; } /*显示信息函数*/ void UserHelp() { printf("UserHelp: ping -r <host> [data size]\n"); printf(" -r record route\n"); printf(" -n record amount\n"); printf(" host remote machine to ping\n"); printf(" datasize can be up to 1KB\n"); ExitProcess(-1); } /*获取ping选项函数*/ void GetArgments(int argc,char** argv) { int i; int j; int exp; int len; int m; /*如果没有指定目的地地址和任何选项*/ if(argc == 1) { printf("\nPlease specify the destination IP address and the ping option as follow!\n"); UserHelp(); } for(i = 1; i < argc; i++) { len = strlen(argv[i]); if (argv[i][0] == '-') { /*选项指示要获取记录的条数*/ if(isdigit(argv[i][1])) { PacketNum = 0; for(j=len-1,exp=0;j>=1;j--,exp++) /*根据argv[i][j]中的ASCII值计算要获取的记录条数(十进制数)*/ PacketNum += ((double)(argv[i][j]-48))*pow(10,exp); } else { switch (tolower(argv[i][1])) { /*选项指示要获取路由信息*/ case 'r': RecordFlag = TRUE; break; /*没有按要求提供选项*/ default: UserHelp(); break; } } } /*参数是数据报大小或者IP地址*/ else if (isdigit(argv[i][0])) { for(m=1;m<len;m++) { if(!(isdigit(argv[i][m]))) { /*是IP地址*/ lpdest = argv[i]; break; } /*是数据报大小*/ else if(m==len-1) datasize = atoi(argv[i]); } } /*参数是主机名*/ else lpdest = argv[i]; } } /*求校验和函数*/ USHORT CheckSum(USHORT *buffer, int size) { unsigned long cksum=0; while (size > 1) { cksum += *buffer++; size -= sizeof(USHORT); } if (size) { cksum += *(UCHAR*)buffer; } /*对每个16bit进行二进制反码求和*/ cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff); cksum += (cksum >>16); return (USHORT)(~cksum); } /*填充ICMP数据报字段函数*/ void FillICMPData(char *icmp_data, int datasize) { IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr = NULL; char *datapart = NULL; icmp_hdr = (IcmpHeader*)icmp_data; /*ICMP报文类型设置为回显请求*/ icmp_hdr->i_type = ICMP_ECHO; icmp_hdr->i_code = 0; /*获取当前进程IP作为标识符*/ icmp_hdr->i_id = (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId(); icmp_hdr->i_cksum = 0; icmp_hdr->i_seq = 0; datapart = icmp_data + sizeof(IcmpHeader); /*以数字0填充剩余空间*/ memset(datapart,'0',datasize-sizeof(IcmpHeader)); } /*释放资源函数*/ void FreeRes() { /*关闭创建的套接字*/ if (m_socket != INVALID_SOCKET) closesocket(m_socket); /*释放分配的内存*/ HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, recvbuf); HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, icmp_data); /*注销WSAStartup()调用*/ WSACleanup(); return ; } /*解读IP选项头函数*/ void DecodeIPOptions(char *buf, int bytes) { IpOptionHeader *ipopt = NULL; IN_ADDR inaddr; int i; HOSTENT *host = NULL; /*获取路由信息的地址入口*/ ipopt = (IpOptionHeader *)(buf + 20); printf("RR: "); for(i = 0; i < (ipopt->ptr / 4) - 1; i++) { inaddr.S_un.S_addr = ipopt->addr[i]; if (i != 0) printf(" "); /*根据IP地址获取主机名*/ host = gethostbyaddr((char *)&inaddr.S_un.S_addr,sizeof(inaddr.S_un.S_addr), AF_INET); /*如果获取到了主机名，则输出主机名*/ if (host) printf("(%-15s) %s\n", inet_ntoa(inaddr), host->h_name); /*否则输出IP地址*/ else printf("(%-15s)\n", inet_ntoa(inaddr)); } return; } /*解读ICMP报头函数*/ void DecodeICMPHeader(char *buf, int bytes, SOCKADDR_IN *from) { IpHeader *iphdr = NULL; IcmpHeader *icmphdr = NULL; unsigned short iphdrlen; DWORD tick; static int icmpcount = 0; iphdr = (IpHeader *)buf; /*计算IP报头的长度*/ iphdrlen = iphdr->h_len * 4; tick = GetTickCount(); /*如果IP报头的长度为最大长度(基本长度是20字节)，则认为有IP选项，需要解读IP选项*/ if ((iphdrlen == MAX_IP_HDR_SIZE) && (!icmpcount)) /*解读IP选项，即路由信息*/ DecodeIPOptions(buf, bytes); /*如果读取的数据太小*/ if (bytes < iphdrlen + ICMP_MIN) { printf("Too few bytes from %s\n", inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); } icmphdr = (IcmpHeader*)(buf + iphdrlen); /*如果收到的不是回显应答报文则报错*/ if (icmphdr->i_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { printf("nonecho type %d recvd\n", icmphdr->i_type); return; } /*核实收到的ID号和发送的是否一致*/ if (icmphdr->i_id != (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId()) { printf("someone else's packet!\n"); return ; } SucessFlag = TRUE; /*输出记录信息*/ printf("%d bytes from %s:", bytes, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); printf(" icmp_seq = %d. ", icmphdr->i_seq); printf(" time: %d ms", tick - icmphdr->timestamp);