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SAE J1939(以下简称J1939)是美国汽车工程协会(SAE)的推荐标准,用于为中重型道路车辆上电子部件间的通讯提供标准的体系结构。它由“卡车与大型客车电气与电子委员会”(Track & Bus Electrical & Electronics Committee)下属的“卡车与大型客车控制和通讯网络附属委员会”(Track & Bus Control and Communications Network Subcommittee)开发编写。
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SURFACE
VEHICLE
RECOMMENDED
PRACTICE
Vehicle Application Layer (through December 2004)
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is
entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”
SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.
Copyright © 2006 SAE International
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.
TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)
Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
Fax: 724-776-0790
Email: CustomerService@sae.org
SAE WEB ADDRESS: http://www.sae.org
Issued 1994-08
Revised 2006-06
Superseding
J1939-71 DEC2004
REV.
J1939-71 JUN2006
Foreword
This series of SAE Recommended Practices has been developed by the Truck and Bus Control and
Communications Network Subcommittee of the Truck and Bus Electrical and Electronics Committee. The
objectives of the subcommittee are to develop information reports, recommended practices, and standards
concerned with the requirements design and usage of devices that transmit electronic signals and control
information among vehicle components. The usage of these documents is not limited to truck and bus
applications; other applications may be accommodated with immediate support being provided for
construction and agricultural equipment, and stationary power systems. These documents are intended as
a guide toward standard practice and are subject to change so as to keep pace with experience and
technical advances.
SAE J1939-71 REVISED JUN2006 - 2 -
1. Scope
As described in the parent document, SAE J1939, there is a minimum of seven documents required to
fully define a complete version of this network. This particular SAE Recommended Practice, SAE
J1939/71, describes an Application Layer for vehicle use.
1.1 Rationale
New parameters and parameter groups are reviewed and discussed by the Subcommittee on a regular
basis. This recommended practice has been updated to reflects all changes and additions approved and
balloted through December 2004.
2. References
2.1 Applicable Documents
General information regarding this series of recommended practices is found in SAE J1939. The latest
issue of SAE publications shall apply.
2.1.1 SAE
PUBLICATIONS
Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside
USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.
SAE J1349⎯Engine Power Test Code–Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition–Net Power Rating
SAE J1843⎯Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor for Use with Electronic Controls in Medium- and Heavy-
Duty Diesel On-Highway Engines
SAE J1922⎯Powertrain Control Interface for Electronic Controls Used in Medium- and Heavy-Duty
Diesel On-Highway Engines
SAE J1939⎯Recommended Practice for a Serial Control and Communication Vehicle Network
SAE J1939-21⎯Data Link Layer
2.1.2 ISO
PUBLICATIONS
Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.
3. Definitions
See SAE J1939 for terms and definitions that are not defined in this document.
4. Abbreviations
ACC Adaptive Cruise Control or Autonomous Cruise Control
ATA American Trucking Association
CTI Central Tire Inflation
EBS Electronic Braking System
FMS Fleet Management System
Kp Engine endspeed governor gain
ROP Roll Over Prevention
VDC Vehicle Dynamic (Stability) Control
VGT Variable Geometry Turbocharger
VMRS Vehicle Maintenance Reporting System
SAE J1939-71 REVISED JUN2006 - 3 -
See SAE J1939 for additional abbreviations that may be used in this document.
5. Technical Requirements
The Application Layer provides a means for application processes to access the OSI environment. This
layer contains management functions and generally useful mechanisms to support applications.
5.1 General Guidelines
5.1.1 S
IGNAL CHARACTERIZATION
It is the intent of the SAE J1939 network to provide current data and signals from a source so that it may
be used by other nodes. It is recommended that the time between physical data acquisition of a signal
and the transmission of the data should not exceed two times the repetition rate defined for the data.
Additional constraints may be defined for certain parameters (see also 5.1.7.2).
5.1.2 M
ESSAGE FORMAT
The message format of SAE J1939 uses the parameter group number as the label for a group of
parameters. Each of the parameters within the group can be expressed in ASCII, as scaled data defined
by the ranges described in 5.1.4, or as function states consisting of two or more bits. Alphanumeric data
will be transmitted with the most significant byte first. Unless otherwise specified, alphanumeric
characters will conform to the ISO Latin 1 ASCII character set as shown in section 5.1.3. Other
parameters consisting of 2 or more data bytes shall be transmitted least significant byte first.
The type of data shall also be identified for each parameter. Data may be either status or measured.
Status specifies the present state of a multi-state parameter or function as a result of action taken by the
transmitting node. This action is the result of a calculation which uses local and/or network “measured”
and/or “status” information. Note that specific confirmation of this action is not necessarily assured. For
instance, the status may indicate that a solenoid has been activated, yet no measurement may have been
taken to ensure the solenoid accomplished its function. Examples of status-type data are: engine brakes
are enabled, PTO speed control is active, cruise control is active, the cruise control is in the “set” state of
operation (as opposed to a measured indication that the “set” switch contacts are closed), fault codes,
torque/speed control override modes, desired speed/speed limit, engine torque mode, engine's desired
operating speed, engine's operating speed asymmetry adjustment, etc.
Measured data conveys the current value of a parameter as measured or observed by the transmitting
node to determine the condition of the defined parameter. Examples of measured-type data are: boost
pressure, ignition on/off, cruise set switch activated, maximum cruise speed, cruise set speed, engine
speed, percent load at current speed, etc.
SAE J1939-71 REVISED JUN2006 - 4 -
5.1.3 ISO LATIN 1 CHARACTER SET
Horizontal boldface characters are the single hexidecimal digit representing the lower nibble of the single
byte code for the character. Vertical boldface characters are the single hexidecimal digit representing the
upper nibble of the single byte code for the character.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
0 --------------------- should not be displayed ------------------------
1 --------------------- should not be displayed ------------------------
2
space ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . /
3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ?
4 @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O
5 P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _
6 ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
7 p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ nil
8 --------------------- should not be displayed ------------------------
9 --------------------- should not be displayed ------------------------
A nil ¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ | § ¨ © ª « ®
B ± ² ³ ´ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿
C À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï
D Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß
E à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï
F ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ø ù ú û ü ý þ ÿ
5.1.4 P
ARAMETER RANGES
Table 1 defines the ranges used to determine the validity of a transmitted signal. Table 2 defines the
ranges used to denote the state of a discrete parameter and Table 3 defines the ranges used to denote
the state of a control mode command. The values in the range “error indicator” provide a means for a
module to immediately indicate that valid parametric data is not currently available due to some type of
error in the sensor, sub-system, or module.
The values in the range “not available” provide a means for a module to transmit a message which
contains a parameter that is not available or not supported in that module. The values in the range “not
requested” provide a means for a device to transmit a command message and identify those parameters
where no response is expected from the receiving device.
If a component failure prevents the transmission of valid data for a parameter, the error indicator as
described in Tables 1 and 2 should be used in place of that parameter’s data. However, if the measured
or calculated data has yielded a value that is valid yet exceeds the defined parameter range, the error
indicator should not be used. The data should be transmitted using the appropriate minimum or
maximum parameter value.
5.1.5 A
SSIGNMENT OF RANGES TO NEW PARAMETERS
This section is intended to define a set of recommended SLOTs (Scaling, Limit, Offset, and Transfer
Function) which can be used when parameters are added to J1939. This permits data consistency to be
maintained as much as possible between parameters of a given type (temperature, pressure, speed,
etc.). Each SLOT is intended to provide a range and resolution suitable for most parameters within a
given type. When necessary, a different scaling factor or offset can be used. All SLOTs should be based
SAE J1939-71 REVISED JUN2006 - 5 -
on a power of 2 scaling from another SLOT. This will minimize the math required for any internal scaling
and reduce the opportunity for misinterpreted values. Offsets should be selected preferably on the
following basis:
a. Offset = 0, or
b. Offset = 50% (equal ± range)
Appendix A defines the recommended SLOTs to be used when ranges are assigned to new parameters.
TABLE 1 - TRANSMITTED SIGNAL RANGES
Range Name 1 byte 2 bytes 4 bytes ASCII
Valid Signal 0 to 250 0 to 64 255 0 to 4 211 081 215 1 to 254
00
16
to FA
16
0000
16
to FAFF
16
00000000
16
to FAFFFFFF
16
01
16
to FE
16
Parameter specific 251 64 256 to 64 511 4 211 081 216 to 4 227 858 431 none
indicator FB
16
FB00
16
to FBFF
16
FBxxxxxx
16
Reserved range for 252 to 253 64 512 to 65 023 4 227 858 432 to 4 261 412 863 none
future indicator bits FC
16
to FD
16
FC00
16
to FDFF
16
FC000000
16
to FDFFFFFF
16
Error indicator 254 65 024 to 65 279 4 261 412 864 to 4 278 190 079 0
FE
16
FExx
16
FExxxxxx
16
00
16
Not available 255 65 280 to 65 535 4 278 190 080 to 4 294 967 294 255
or not requested FF
16
FFxx
16
FFxxxxxx
16
FF
16
TABLE 2 - TRANSMITTED VALUES FOR DISCRETE PARAMETERS (MEASURED)
Range Name Transmitted Value
Disabled (off, passive, etc.) 00
Enabled (on, active, etc.) 01
Error indicator 10
Not available or not installed 11
TABLE 3 - TRANSMITTED VALUES FOR CONTROL COMMANDS (STATUS)
Range Name Transmitted Value
Command to disable function (turn off, etc.) 00
Command to enable function (turn on, etc.) 01
Reserved 10
Don't care/take no action (leave function as is) 11
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