上位机和串口建立 Modbus 协议进行数据传输，并使用 Mysql 数据库存储，能够实现实时温湿度显示和动态变化曲线，历史数据

#include "widget.h" #include "ui_widget.h" #include"form.h" #include<QPushButton> #include<QSqlDatabase> #include<QSqlQuery> #include<QDebug> #include<QMessageBox> #include<QSqlError> #include<QRadioButton> #include<QGroupBox> Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) , ui(new Ui::Widget) { ui->setupUi(this); // QGroupBox *groupBox_3 = new QGroupBox(this); // QRadioButton *radioButton =new QRadioButton("温度",groupBox_3);//指定其父对象是分组控件 // QRadioButton *radioButton_2 =new QRadioButton("湿度",groupBox_3); setFixedSize( this->width(),this->height());//窗口定大小 //this->resize(800,600); this->setWindowTitle("温湿度监控系统"); ui->lcdNumber->setDigitCount(4); //显示位数 ui->lcdNumber->setMode(QLCDNumber::Dec); //十进制 ui->lcdNumber->setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber::Flat); //显示方式 ui->lcdNumber_2->setDigitCount(4); //显示位数 ui->lcdNumber_2->setMode(QLCDNumber::Dec); //十进制 ui->lcdNumber_2->setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber::Flat); //显示方式 ui->comboBox_2->addItem("1200"); ui->comboBox_2->addItem("2400"); ui->comboBox_2->addItem("4800"); ui->comboBox_2->addItem("9600"); ui->comboBox_2->addItem("115200"); m_serialPort = new QSerialPort; serialflag = 0; timer = new QTimer; timer->start(1000);//计时1s connect(timer,&QTimer::timeout,this,&Widget::sendCommand); //connect(ui->getData,&QPushButton::clicked,this,&Widget::sendCommand); connect(m_serialPort,&QSerialPort::readyRead,this,&Widget::read_info);//接受反馈数据 // struct Data{ // int tem; // int hum; // }; series_w =new QSplineSeries(this); series_s=new QSplineSeries(this); // this->setMouseTracking(true);//可以追踪到鼠标的轨迹，鼠标放到点上就显示出坐标 // m_coordX=new QLabel; // m_coordY=new QLabel; timer2 = new QTimer; connect(timer2,&QTimer::timeout,this,&Widget::updateData); initGraph(); // disconnect(timer2,&QTimer::timeout,this,&Widget::updateData); //监测子窗口的回退信号 connect(&f,&Form::back,[=](){ f.hide(); this->show(); }); connect(s,&Subwidget::back,[=](){ s->hide(); this->show(); }); } Widget::~Widget() { delete ui; delete m_serialPort; } void Widget::initGraph()//绘实时温湿度图 { QPen blue; blue.setWidth(2);//线条宽度 series_w->setPen(blue); QPen red; red.setWidth(2); series_s->setPen(red); axisX = new QValueAxis(); axisY = new QValueAxis(); axisX->setTitleText("time(1s)"); axisX->setRange(0,30); axisX->setTickCount(7);//大刻度线有7条，把30分成了6份 axisX->setMinorTickCount(4);//2个大刻度线之间有4条小刻度线，分成了5份 axisX->setGridLineVisible(true);//设置是否显示网格线 axisY->setRange(0,90); axisY->setTitleText("value"); chart=new QChart(); series_w->setName("temperature"); series_s->setName("humidity"); series_s->setPointsVisible(true);//线由点构成 series_w->setPointsVisible(true); series_s->setColor(QColor(255,0,0)); series_w->setColor(QColor(22,33,250)); chart->addSeries(series_w);//向图表中添加线 chart->addSeries(series_s); chart->createDefaultAxes(); chart->setTitle("温湿度实时变化"); //chart->setTheme(QChart::ChartThemeQt); chart->legend()->setVisible(true); chart->setTitleFont(QFont("微软雅黑")); chart->setAxisX(axisX,series_w);//添加坐标轴,必须再addseries后调用 chart->setAxisY(axisY,series_w); chart->setAxisX(axisX,series_s); chart->setAxisY(axisY,series_s); chart->setAnimationOptions(QChart::AllAnimations); ui->widget->setChart(chart);//把图表固定到视图，先把widget提升为QChartView } void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked() { f.show(); this->hide(); } void Widget::on_pushButton_5_clicked() { s->show(); this->hide(); } void Widget::on_searchSerialBtn_clicked() { ui->comboBox->clear(); foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info, QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts()) { QSerialPort serial; serial.setPort(info); //设置串口 if(serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) { ui->comboBox->addItem(info.portName()); serial.close(); } } } void Widget::on_openSerialBtn_clicked()//打开了串口，控件时不可调的 { if(ui->openSerialBtn->text()==tr("打开串口"))//点击按钮之前，串口已关，下面设置串口信息 { m_serialPort->setPortName(ui->comboBox->currentText()); switch(ui->comboBox_2->currentIndex()) { case 0: m_serialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud1200);break; case 1: m_serialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud2400);break; case 2: m_serialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud4800);break; case 3: m_serialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud9600);break; case 4: m_serialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud115200);break; default: break; } m_serialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8); //数据位为8位 m_serialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);//无流控制 m_serialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity); //校验位 m_serialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::TwoStop); //二位停止位 if(m_serialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)==false)//串口是关闭的(没有扫描就打开串口） { QMessageBox::warning(NULL , "提示", "串口打开失败！"); return; } ui->comboBox->setEnabled(false); ui->comboBox_2->setEnabled(false); ui->openSerialBtn->setText(tr("关闭串口")); serialflag = 1;//串口打开 } else//点击按钮前，现在是串口是开着的，点了槽函数就关闭串口 { disconnect(timer2,&QTimer::timeout,this,&Widget::updateData);//停止实时更新曲线 m_serialPort->clear(); m_serialPort->close();//先关串口 ui->comboBox->setEnabled(true); ui->comboBox_2->setEnabled(true); ui->openSerialBtn->setText(tr("打开串口")); ui->lcdNumber->display(0); ui->lcdNumber_2->display(0); serialflag = 0; //timer->stop();//停止定时发送 } } void Widget::writedata(int tem,int hum) { QSqlQuery query; // query.exec("create table t(id int primary key auto_increment,time datetime, temperature int, humidity int);"); QString sqlquery = QString("insert into t_ values(0,now(),'%1','%2')").arg(tem).arg(hum);//插入一个数据 query.exec(sqlquery); } void Widget::sendCommand() { QByteArray sendByte;//协议根据下位机来定 sendByte.resize(8); sendByte[0]=0Xcc;//帧头 sendByte[1]=0X01;//从站地址 sendByte[2]=0X0d;//功能码 sendByte[3]=0X01;//数据个数 sendByte[4]=0X00;//数据 sendByte[5]=0X00;//校验，根据数据，由CRC算法自动生成 sendByte[6]=0X00;//校验 sendByte[7]=0Xcd;//帧尾 qint64 ref; ref = m_serialPort->write(sendByte); //把反馈回来的ref转化为string // QString B=tr("%1").arg(ref); // info_text("已成功发送"