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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PHASE 1: SYSTEMS PLANNING
Chapter 1
Introduction to Systems Analysis
and Design
Learning Objectives 2
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 What Is Information Technology? 3
1.2.1 The Changing Nature of Information Technology 3
1.2.2 Systems Analysis and Design 4
1.2.3 What Does a Systems Analyst Do? 4
Case in Point 1.1: Cloud Nine Financial Advisors 5
1.3 Information System Components 5
1.3.1 Hardware 6
1.3.2 Software 6
1.3.3 Data 7
1.3.4 Processes 7
1.3.5 People 7
1.4 Business Today 8
1.4.1 The Internet Model 8
1.4.2 B2C (Business-to-Consumer) 9
1.4.3 B2B (Business-to-Business) 9
1.5 Modeling Business Operations 10
1.5.1 Business Profiles 10
1.5.2 Business Processes 10
1.6 Business Information Systems 10
1.6.1 Enterprise Computing 11
1.6.2 Transaction Processing 11
1.6.3 Business Support 12
1.6.4 Knowledge Management 13
1.6.5 User Productivity 13
1.6.6 Systems Integration 13
1.7 What Information Do Users Need? 14
1.7.1 Top Managers 14
1.7.2 Middle Managers and Knowledge Workers 15
1.7.3 Supervisors and Team Leaders 15
1.7.4 Operational Employees 15
1.8 Systems Development Tools 15
1.8.1 Modeling 16
1.8.2 Prototyping 16
1.8.3 Computer-Aided Systems Engineering
(CASE) Tools 17
1.9 Systems Development Methods 17
1.9.1 Structured Analysis 18
1.9.2 Object-Oriented Analysis 21
1.9.3 Agile Methods 22
1.9.4 Other Development Methods 23
1.10 The Information Technology
Department 24
1.10.1 Application Development 24
Case in Point 1.2: Global Hotels and
Momma’s Motels 25
1.10.2 Systems Support and Security 25
1.10.3 User Support 25
1.10.4 Database Administration 25
1.10.5 Network Administration 25
1.10.6 Web Support 26
1.10.7 Quality Assurance (QA) 26
Case in Point 1.3: What Should Lisa Do? 26
1.11 The Systems Analyst 26
1.11.1 Role 26
1.11.2 Knowledge, Skills, and Education 27
1.11.3 Certification 28
1.11.4 Career Opportunities 29
Case in Point 1.4: Just-in-Time Airfreight, Inc. 31
1.12 Trends in Information Technology 31
A Question of Ethics 32
1.13 Chapter Summary 32
Key Terms 34
Chapter Exercises 39
Chapter 2
Analyzing the Business Case
Learning Objectives 40
2.1 Introduction 41
2.2 A Framework for IT Systems Development 41
2.2.1 Strategic Planning Overview 41
2.2.2 What Is SWOT Analysis? 42
2.2.3 Strategic Planning for IT Projects 43
Case in Point 2.1: Lo Carb Meals 43
2.2.4 The Changing Role of the IT Department 44
Case in Point 2.2: Attaway Airlines, Part One 45
2.3 What Is a Business Case? 45
2.4 Information Systems Projects 45
2.4.1 Main Reasons for Systems Projects 45
Case in Point 2.3: Trent College 47
2.4.2 Factors That Affect Systems Projects 47
2.4.3 Internal Factors 47
2.4.4 External Factors 49
2.5 Evaluation of Systems Requirements 51
2.5.1 Systems Request Forms 51
2.5.2 Systems Review Committee 51
2.6 Overview of Feasibility 52
2.6.1 Operational Feasibility 53
2.6.2 Economic Feasibility 53
2.6.3 Technical Feasibility 54
2.6.4 Schedule Feasibility 55
2.7 Evaluating Feasibility 55
2.8 Setting Priorities 56
2.8.1 Factors That Affect Priority 56
2.8.2 Discretionary and Nondiscretionary Projects 56
Case in Point 2.4: Attaway Airlines,
Part Two 57
2.9 Preliminary Investigation Overview 57
2.9.1 Interaction with Managers, Users, and
Other Stakeholders 57
2.9.2 Planning the Preliminary Investigation 58
