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% %
% This is the LEACH [1] code we have used. %
% The same code can be used for FAIR if m=1 %
% %
% [1] W.R.Heinzelman, A.P.Chandrakasan and H.Balakrishnan, %
% "An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless %
% microsensor networks" %
% IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 1(4):660-670,2002 %
% Mohammad Hossein Homaei %
% Homaei@wsnlab.ir % Homaei@wsnlab.org %
% www.wsnlab.ir & www.wsnlab.ir %
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% %
% LEACH Protocol %
% %
% By: Mohammad Hossein Homaei %
% homaei@wsnlab.ir %
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clear;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PARAMETERS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%Field Dimensions - x and y maximum (in meters)/ Tarife Size mohite shabake(m)
xm=100;
ym=100;
%x and y Coordinates of the Sink /
sink.x=0.5*xm;
sink.y=0.5*ym;
%Number of Nodes in the field / Tedade Node haye shabake
n=100
%Optimal Election Probability of a node to become cluster head/ Ehtemale Entekhab Node be onvane Cluster Head
p=0.1;
%Energy Model (all values in Joules)/ Energy ha bar hasbe Joule
%Initial Energy / Energy Avaliye
Eo=0.5;
%Eelec=Etx=Erx
ETX=50*0.000000001;
ERX=50*0.000000001;
%Transmit Amplifier types / Ghodrate Ersal
Efs=10*0.000000000001;
Emp=0.0013*0.000000000001;
%Data Aggregation Energy/ Energy Masrafi Tajmie Dade
EDA=5*0.000000001;
%Values for Hetereogeneity
%Percentage of nodes than are advanced
m=0.1;
%\alpha
a=1;
%maximum number of rounds/ Max tedade round ha
rmax=200
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% END OF PARAMETERS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%Computation of do/
do=sqrt(Efs/Emp);
%Creation of the random Sensor Network/ Tolide Randome shabake
figure(1);
for i=1:1:n
S(i).xd=rand(1,1)*xm;
XR(i)=S(i).xd;
S(i).yd=rand(1,1)*ym;
YR(i)=S(i).yd;
S(i).G=0;
%initially there are no cluster heads only nodes/ Dar ebteda hich Cluster Head i mojud nist
S(i).type='N';
temp_rnd0=i;
%Random Election of Normal Nodes/ Entekhabe Tasadofi Node ha
if (temp_rnd0>=m*n+1)
S(i).E=Eo;
S(i).ENERGY=0;
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'o');
hold on;
end
%Random Election of Advanced Nodes/ Entekhab Tasadofie CH ha
if (temp_rnd0<m*n+1)
S(i).E=Eo*(1+a)
S(i).ENERGY=1;
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'+');
hold on;
end
end
S(n+1).xd=sink.x;
S(n+1).yd=sink.y;
plot(S(n+1).xd,S(n+1).yd,'x');
%First Iteration
figure(1);
%counter for CHs/ Tedade Cluster Head ha
countCHs=0;
%counter for CHs per round/ Tedade CH haye har Round
rcountCHs=0;
cluster=1;
countCHs;
rcountCHs=rcountCHs+countCHs;
flag_first_dead=0;
for r=0:1:rmax
r
%Operation for epoch/ Formule entekhabe CH
if(mod(r, round(1/p) )==0)
for i=1:1:n
S(i).G=0;
S(i).cl=0;
end
end
hold off;
%Number of dead nodes/ Tedade Node haye morde dar kol
dead=0;
%Number of dead Advanced Nodes/ Tedade Node haye CH morde
dead_a=0;
%Number of dead Normal Nodes/ Tedade Node haye morde mamuli
dead_n=0;
%counter for bit transmitted to Bases Station and to Cluster Heads/ Tedade packet haye ersali be BS
packets_TO_BS=0;
packets_TO_CH=0;
%counter for bit transmitted to Bases Station and to Cluster Heads /Tedade packet haye Ersali be BS dar har round
%per round
PACKETS_TO_CH(r+1)=0;
PACKETS_TO_BS(r+1)=0;
figure(1);
for i=1:1:n
%checking if there is a dead node/ Check kardane zende budane Node ha
if (S(i).E<=0)
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'red .');
dead=dead+1;
if(S(i).ENERGY==1)
dead_a=dead_a+1;
end
if(S(i).ENERGY==0)
dead_n=dead_n+1;
end
hold on;
end
if S(i).E>0
S(i).type='N';
if (S(i).ENERGY==0)
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'o');
end
if (S(i).ENERGY==1)
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'+');
end
hold on;
end
end
plot(S(n+1).xd,S(n+1).yd,'x');
STATISTICS(r+1).DEAD=dead;
DEAD(r+1)=dead;
DEAD_N(r+1)=dead_n;
DEAD_A(r+1)=dead_a;
%When the first node dies/ Pas az marge avalin Node
if (dead==1)
if(flag_first_dead==0)
first_dead=r
flag_first_dead=1;
end
end
countCHs=0;
cluster=1;
for i=1:1:n
if(S(i).E>0)
temp_rand=rand;
if ( (S(i).G)<=0)
%Election of Cluster Heads/ Entekhabe CH
if(temp_rand<= (p/(1-p*mod(r,round(1/p)))))
countCHs=countCHs+1;
packets_TO_BS=packets_TO_BS+1;
PACKETS_TO_BS(r+1)=packets_TO_BS;
S(i).type='C';
S(i).G=round(1/p)-1;
C(cluster).xd=S(i).xd;
C(cluster).yd=S(i).yd;
plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'k*');
distance=sqrt( (S(i).xd-(S(n+1).xd) )^2 + (S(i).yd-(S(n+1).yd) )^2 );
C(cluster).distance=distance;
C(cluster).id=i;
X(cluster)=S(i).xd;
Y(cluster)=S(i).yd;
cluster=cluster+1;
%Calculation of Energy dissipated/ Mohasebe energy masrafi
distance;
if (distance>do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( (ETX+EDA)*(4000) + Emp*4000*( distance*distance*distance*distance ));
end
if (distance<=do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( (ETX+EDA)*(4000) + Efs*4000*( distance * distance ));
end
end
end
end
end
STATISTICS(r+1).CLUSTERHEADS=cluster-1;
CLUSTERHS(r+1)=cluster-1;
%Election of Associated Cluster Head for Normal Nodes/ Entekhabe CH marbute baraye Node haye mamuli
for i=1:1:n
if ( S(i).type=='N' && S(i).E>0 )
if(cluster-1>=1)
min_dis=sqrt( (S(i).xd-S(n+1).xd)^2 + (S(i).yd-S(n+1).yd)^2 );
min_dis_cluster=1;
for c=1:1:cluster-1
temp=min(min_dis,sqrt( (S(i).xd-C(c).xd)^2 + (S(i).yd-C(c).yd)^2 ) );
if ( temp<min_dis )
min_dis=temp;
min_dis_cluster=c;
end
end
%Energy dissipated by associated Cluster Head/ Mohasebe energy masrafi CH ha
min_dis;
if (min_dis>do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( ETX*(4000) + Emp*4000*( min_dis * min_dis * min_dis * min_dis));
end
if (min_dis<=do)
S(i).E=S(i).E- ( ETX*(4000) + Efs*4000*( min_dis * min_dis));
end
%Energy dissipated/ Masrafe energy kol
if(min_dis>0)
S(C(min_dis_cluster).id).E = S(C(min_dis_cluster).id).E- ( (ERX + EDA)*4000 );
PACKETS_TO_CH(r+1)=n-dead-cluster+1;
end
S(i).min_dis=min_dis;
S(i).min_dis_cluster=min_dis_cluster;
end
end
end
hold on;
countCHs;
rcountCHs=rcountCHs+countCHs;
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% STATISTICS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% %
% DEAD : a rmax x 1 array of number of dead no
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