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/* 06_vertex_twisting.c - OpenGL-based example using a Cg vertex and a Cg fragment programs from Chapter 3 of "The Cg Tutorial" (Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0321194969). */ /* Requires the OpenGL Utility Toolkit (GLUT) and Cg runtime (version 1.0 or higher). */ #include <stdio.h> /* for printf and NULL */ #include <stdlib.h> /* for exit */ #include <math.h> /* for sin and cos */ #include <GL/glew.h> #ifdef __APPLE__ #include <GLUT/glut.h> #else #include <GL/glut.h> #endif #ifdef _WIN32 #include <GL/wglew.h> #else #ifdef __APPLE__ #include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h> #else #include <GL/glxew.h> #endif #endif #include <Cg/cg.h> /* Can't include this? Is Cg Toolkit installed! */ #include <Cg/cgGL.h> static CGcontext myCgContext; static CGprofile myCgVertexProfile, myCgFragmentProfile; static CGprogram myCgVertexProgram, myCgFragmentProgram; static CGparameter myCgVertexParam_twisting; static const char *myProgramName = "06_vertex_twisting", *myVertexProgramFileName = "C3E4v_twist.cg", /* Page 79 */ *myVertexProgramName = "C3E4v_twist", *myFragmentProgramFileName = "C2E2f_passthru.cg", /* Page 53 */ *myFragmentProgramName = "C2E2f_passthru"; static float myTwisting = 0.1, /* Twisting angle in radians. */ myTwistDirection = 0.1; /* Animation delta for twist. */ static void checkForCgError(const char *situation) { CGerror error; const char *string = cgGetLastErrorString(&error); if (error != CG_NO_ERROR) { printf("%s: %s: %s\n", myProgramName, situation, string); if (error == CG_COMPILER_ERROR) { printf("%s\n", cgGetLastListing(myCgContext)); } exit(1); } } /* Forward declared GLUT callbacks registered by main. */ static void display(void); static void keyboard(unsigned char c, int x, int y); static void menu(int item); static void requestSynchronizedSwapBuffers(void); int main(int argc, char **argv) { glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH); glutInit(&argc, argv); glutCreateWindow(myProgramName); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard); /* Initialize OpenGL entry points. */ if (glewInit()!=GLEW_OK || !GLEW_VERSION_1_1) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to initialize GLEW, OpenGL 1.1 required.\n", myProgramName); exit(1); } requestSynchronizedSwapBuffers(); //glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1); /* White background */ glClearColor(0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.0); /* Blue background */ myCgContext = cgCreateContext(); checkForCgError("creating context"); cgGLSetDebugMode(CG_FALSE); cgSetParameterSettingMode(myCgContext, CG_DEFERRED_PARAMETER_SETTING); myCgVertexProfile = cgGLGetLatestProfile(CG_GL_VERTEX); cgGLSetOptimalOptions(myCgVertexProfile); checkForCgError("selecting vertex profile"); myCgVertexProgram = cgCreateProgramFromFile( myCgContext, /* Cg runtime context */ CG_SOURCE, /* Program in human-readable form */ myVertexProgramFileName, /* Name of file containing program */ myCgVertexProfile, /* Profile: OpenGL ARB vertex program */ myVertexProgramName, /* Entry function name */ NULL); /* No extra compiler options */ checkForCgError("creating vertex program from file"); cgGLLoadProgram(myCgVertexProgram); checkForCgError("loading vertex program"); myCgVertexParam_twisting = cgGetNamedParameter(myCgVertexProgram, "twisting"); checkForCgError("could not get twisting parameter"); myCgFragmentProfile = cgGLGetLatestProfile(CG_GL_FRAGMENT); cgGLSetOptimalOptions(myCgFragmentProfile); checkForCgError("selecting fragment profile"); myCgFragmentProgram = cgCreateProgramFromFile( myCgContext, /* Cg runtime context */ CG_SOURCE, /* Program in human-readable form */ myFragmentProgramFileName, /* Name of file containing program */ myCgFragmentProfile, /* Profile: OpenGL ARB vertex program */ myFragmentProgramName, /* Entry function name */ NULL); /* No extra compiler options */ checkForCgError("creating fragment program from file"); cgGLLoadProgram(myCgFragmentProgram); checkForCgError("loading fragment program"); /* No uniform fragment program parameters expected. */ glutCreateMenu(menu); glutAddMenuEntry("[ ] Animate", ' '); glutAddMenuEntry("[w] Wireframe", 'w'); glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON); glutMainLoop(); return 0; } /* Apply an inefficient but simple-to-implement subdivision scheme for a triangle. */ static void triangleDivide(int depth, const float a[2], const float b[2], const float c[2], const float ca[3], const float cb[3], const float cc[3]) { if (depth == 0) { glColor3fv(ca); glVertex2fv(a); glColor3fv(cb); glVertex2fv(b); glColor3fv(cc); glVertex2fv(c); } else { const float d[2] = { (a[0]+b[0])/2, (a[1]+b[1])/2 }, e[2] = { (b[0]+c[0])/2, (b[1]+c[1])/2 }, f[2] = { (c[0]+a[0])/2, (c[1]+a[1])/2 }; const float cd[3] = { (ca[0]+cb[0])/2, (ca[1]+cb[1])/2, (ca[2]+cb[2])/2 }, ce[3] = { (cb[0]+cc[0])/2, (cb[1]+cc[1])/2, (cb[2]+cc[2])/2 }, cf[3] = { (cc[0]+ca[0])/2, (cc[1]+ca[1])/2, (cc[2]+ca[2])/2 }; depth -= 1; triangleDivide(depth, a, d, f, ca, cd, cf); triangleDivide(depth, d, b, e, cd, cb, ce); triangleDivide(depth, f, e, c, cf, ce, cc); triangleDivide(depth, d, e, f, cd, ce, cf); } } /* Large vertex displacements such as are possible with C3E4v_twist require a high degree of tessellation. This routine draws a triangle recursively subdivided to provide sufficient tessellation. */ static void drawSubDividedTriangle(int subdivisions) { const float a[2] = { -0.8, 0.8 }, b[2] = { 0.8, 0.8 }, c[2] = { 0.0, -0.8 }, ca[3] = { 0, 0, 1 }, cb[3] = { 0, 0, 1 }, cc[3] = { 0.7, 0.7, 1 }; glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); triangleDivide(subdivisions, a, b, c, ca, cb, cc); glEnd(); } static void drawLine() { const GLfloat factor = 0.1f; GLfloat x; glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); for(x=-1.0f/myTwisting; x<1.0f/myTwisting; x+=0.01f) { glVertex2f(x*myTwisting, 0); } glEnd(); } static void display(void) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); cgSetParameter1f(myCgVertexParam_twisting, myTwisting); cgGLBindProgram(myCgVertexProgram); checkForCgError("binding vertex program"); cgGLEnableProfile(myCgVertexProfile); checkForCgError("enabling vertex profile"); cgGLBindProgram(myCgFragmentProgram); checkForCgError("binding fragment program"); cgGLEnableProfile(myCgFragmentProfile); checkForCgError("enabling fragment profile"); //drawSubDividedTriangle(5); drawLine(); cgGLDisableProfile(myCgVertexProfile); checkForCgError("disabling vertex profile"); cgGLDisableProfile(myCgFragmentProfile); checkForCgError("disabling fragment profile"); glutSwapBuffers(); } static void idle(void) { if (myTwisting > 3) { myTwistDirection = -0.05; } else if (myTwisting < -3) { myTwistDirection = 0.05; } myTwisting += myTwistDirection; glutPostRedisplay(); } static void keyboard(unsigned char c, int x, int y) { static int animating = 0, wireframe = 0; switch (c) { case ' ': animating = !animating; /* Toggle */ if (animating) { glutIdleFunc(idle); } else { glutIdleFunc(NULL); } break; case 'w': case 'W': wireframe = !wirefram