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Single Phase, Multifunction Metering IC

with Neutral Current Measurement

ADE7953

Rev. 0

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no

responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other

rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No

license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.

Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.

Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com

FEATURES

Measures active, reactive, and apparent energy; sampled

waveform; current and voltage rms

Provides a second current input for neutral current

measurement

Less than 0.1% error in active and reactive energy

measurements over a dynamic range of 3000:1

Less than 0.2% error in instantaneous IRMS measurement

over a dynamic range of 1000:1

Provides apparent energy measurement and instantaneous

power readings

1.23 kHz bandwidth operation

Flexible PGA gain stage (up to ×22)

Includes internal integrators for use with Rogowski coil sensors

SPI, I

C, or UART communication

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ADE7953 is a high accuracy electrical energy measurement

IC intended for single phase applications. It measures line voltage

and current and calculates active, reactive, and apparent energy,

as well as instantaneous rms voltage and current.

The device incorporates three Σ-Δ ADCs with a high accuracy

energy measurement core. The second input channel simulta-

neously measures neutral current and enables tamper detection

and neutral current billing. The additional channel incorporates

a complete signal path that allows a full range of measurements.

Each input channel supports independent and flexible gain stages,

making the device suitable for use with a variety of current sensors

such as current transformers (CTs) and low value shunt resistors.

Two on-chip integrators facilitate the use of Rogowski coil sensors.

The ADE7953 provides access to on-chip meter registers via a

variety of communication interfaces including SPI, I

C, and

UART. Two configurable low jitter pulse output pins provide

outputs that are proportional to active, reactive, or apparent

energy, as well as current and voltage rms. A full range of power

quality information such as overcurrent, overvoltage, peak, and

sag detection are accessible via the external

IRQ

pin. Independent

active, reactive, and apparent no-load detections are included to

prevent “meter creep.” Dedicated reverse power (

REVP

), zero-

crossing voltage (ZX), and zero-crossing current (ZX_I) pins

are also provided. The ADE7953 energy metering IC operates

from a 3.3 V supply voltage and is available in a 28-lead LFCSP

package.

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

PGA

IAP

IAN

IBP

IBN

SINC

AND

DECIMATION

FILTER

1.2V REF

LOW NOISE

PRE-AMP

PGA

CONFIGURATION

AND CONTROL

PGA

UART I

CSPI INTERFACE

DSP

REVP

ZX_I

PEAK

ANGLE

POWER FACTOR

SAG

WAVEFORM

SAMPLING

ADE7953

ENERGY

METERING

PROCESSOR

DIGITAL

FREQUENCY

CONVERSION

AWATT

BWATT

AVAR

BVAR

AVA

BVA

CF1DEN

CF2DEN

AENERGYA

RENERGYA

APENERGYA

AENERGYB

RENERGYB

APENERGYB

AGND

DGND

IRQ CS MISO/

SDA/

MOSI/

SCL/

SCLK

CLKIN

REF RESET VDD VINTA VINTD

CLKOUT

CF2

CF1

REVP

ZX_I

09320-001

ADC

Figure 1.

ADE7953

Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 68

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Features .............................................................................................. 1

General Description ......................................................................... 1

Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1

Revision History ............................................................................... 3

Specifications ..................................................................................... 4

Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 6

Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 8

ESD Caution .................................................................................. 8

Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 9

Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 11

Test Circuit ...................................................................................... 16

Terminology .................................................................................... 17

Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 18

Analog Inputs .............................................................................. 18

Analog-to-Digital Conversion .................................................. 18

Current Channel ADCs ............................................................. 20

Voltage Channel ADC ............................................................... 21

Reference Circuit ........................................................................ 21

Root Mean Square Measurement ................................................. 22

Current Channel RMS Calculation .......................................... 22

Voltage Channel RMS Calculation ........................................... 22

Active Power Calculation .............................................................. 23

Sign of Active Power Calculation ............................................. 23

Active Energy Calculation ......................................................... 24

Active Energy Accumulation Modes ....................................... 26

Reactive Power Calculation ........................................................... 27

Sign of Reactive Power Calculation ......................................... 27

Reactive Energy Calculation ..................................................... 28

Reactive Energy Accumulation Modes ................................... 29

Apparent Power Calculation ......................................................... 30

Apparent Energy Calculation ................................................... 30

Ampere-Hour Accumulation.................................................... 31

Energy-to-Frequency Conversion ................................................ 32

Pulse Output Characteristics .................................................... 32

Energy Calibration ......................................................................... 33

Gain Calibration ......................................................................... 33

Phase Calibration ....................................................................... 33

Offset Calibration ....................................................................... 34

Period Measurement ...................................................................... 35



Instantaneous Powers and Waveform Sampling ........................ 36

Power Factor.................................................................................... 37

Using the Line Cycle Accumulation Mode to Determine

the Power Factor ......................................................................... 37



Power Factor with No-Load Detection ................................... 37

Angle Measurement ................................................................... 38

No-Load Detection ........................................................................ 39

Setting the No-Load Thresholds .............................................. 39

Active Energy No-Load Detection ........................................... 39

Reactive Energy No-Load Detection ....................................... 40

Apparent Energy No-Load Detection ..................................... 40

Zero-Crossing Detection ............................................................... 42

Zero-Crossing Output Pins ....................................................... 42

Zero-Crossing Interrupts .......................................................... 42

Zero-Crossing Timeout ............................................................. 43

Zero-Crossing Threshold .......................................................... 43

Voltage Sag Detection .................................................................... 44

Setting the SAGCYC Register ................................................... 44

Setting the SAGLVL Register .................................................... 44

Voltage Sag Interrupt ................................................................. 44

Peak Detection ................................................................................ 45

Indication of Power Direction ...................................................... 46

Reverse Power ............................................................................. 46

Sign Indication ............................................................................ 46

Overcurrent and Overvoltage Detection..................................... 47

Setting the OVLVL and OILVL Registers ............................... 47

Overvoltage and Overcurrent Interrupts ................................ 47

Alternative Output Functions ....................................................... 48

ADE7953 Interrupts ....................................................................... 49

Primary Interrupts (Voltage Channel and Current

Channel A) .................................................................................. 49



Current Channel B Interrupts .................................................. 49

Communicating with the ADE7953 ............................................ 50

Communication Autodetection ............................................... 50

Locking the Communication Interface ................................... 50

SPI Interface ................................................................................ 51

C Interface ................................................................................ 52

UART Interface ........................................................................... 54

ADE7953

Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 68

Communication Verification and Security .................................. 56

Write Protection .......................................................................... 56

Communication Verification ..................................................... 56

Checksum Register ..................................................................... 57

ADE7953 Registers ......................................................................... 58

ADE7953 Register Descriptions ............................................... 60

Outline Dimensions ........................................................................ 65

Ordering Guide ........................................................................... 65

REVISION HISTORY

2/11—Revision 0: Initial Version

ADE7953

Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 68

SPECIFICATIONS

VDD = 3.3 V ± 10%, AGND = DGND = 0 V, on-chip reference, CLKIN = 3.58 MHz, T

MIN

to T

MAX

= −40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.

Table 1.

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments

PHASE ERROR BETWEEN CHANNELS Line frequency = 45 Hz to 65 Hz, HPF on

Power Factor = 0.8 Capacitive ±0.05 Degrees Phase lead 37°

Power Factor = 0.5 Inductive ±0.05 Degrees Phase lag 60°

ACTIVE ENERGY MEASUREMENT

Active Energy Measurement Error

(Current Channel A)

0.1 %

Over a dynamic range of 3000:1, PGA = 1,

PGA = 22, integrator off

Active Energy Measurement Error

(Current Channel B)

0.1 %

Over a dynamic range of 1000:1, PGA = 1,

PGA = 16, integrator off

AC Power Supply Rejection VDD = 3.3 V ± 120 mV rms, 100 Hz

Output Frequency Variation 0.01 %

DC Power Supply Rejection VDD = 3.3 V ± 330 mV dc

Output Frequency Variation 0.01 %

Active Energy Measurement Bandwidth 1.23 kHz

REACTIVE ENERGY MEASUREMENT

Reactive Energy Measurement Error

(Current Channel A)

0.1 %

Over a dynamic range of 3000:1, PGA = 1,

PGA = 22, integrator off

Reactive Energy Measurement Error

(Current Channel B)

0.1 %

Over a dynamic range of 1000:1, PGA = 1,

PGA = 16, integrator off

AC Power Supply Rejection VDD = 3.3 V ± 120 mV rms, 100 Hz

Output Frequency Variation 0.01 %

DC Power Supply Rejection VDD = 3.3 V ± 330 mV dc

Output Frequency Variation 0.01 %

Reactive Energy Measurement

Bandwidth

1.23 kHz

RMS MEASUREMENT

IRMS and VRMS Measurement

Bandwidth

1.23 kHz

IRMS (Current Channel A) Measurement

Error

0.2 %

Over a dynamic range of 1000:1, PGA = 1,

PGA = 22, integrator off

IRMS (Current Channel B) and VRMS

Measurement Error

0.2 %

Over a dynamic range of 500:1, PGA = 1,

PGA = 16, integrator off

ANALOG INPUTS

Maximum Signal Levels ±500 mV peak Differential inputs: IAP to IAN, IBP to IBN

±500 mV peak Single-ended input: VP to VN, IBP to IBN

±250 mV peak Single-ended input: IAP to IAN

Input Impedance (DC)

IAP Pin 130 MΩ

IAN Pin 70 MΩ

IBP, IBN, VP, VN Pins 660 kΩ

ADC Offset Error

Uncalibrated error (see the Terminology

section)

Current Channel B, Voltage Channel 0 mV

Current Channel A −12 mV PGA = 1

−0.3 mV PGA = 16, PGA = 22

Gain Error External 1.2 V reference

Current Channel A ±3 %

Current Channel B ±3 %

Voltage Channel ±3 %

ADE7953

Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 68

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments

ANALOG PERFORMANCE

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Current Channel A 74 dB

Current Channel B, Voltage Channel 71 dB

Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion Ratio

Current Channel A, Current Channel B 68 dB

Voltage Channel 65 dB

Bandwidth (−3 dB) 1.23 kHz

CF1 AND CF2 PULSE OUTPUTS

Maximum Output Frequency 210 kHz

Duty Cycle 50 % CF1 or CF2 frequency > 6.25 Hz

Active Low Pulse Width 80 ms CF1 or CF2 frequency < 6.25 Hz

Jitter 0.04 % CF1 or CF2 frequency = 1 Hz

Output High Voltage, V

2.4 V I

SOURCE

= 500 μA at 25°C

Output Low Voltage, V

0.4 V I

SINK

= 8 mA at 25°C

REFERENCE Nominal 1.2 V at REF pin

REF Input Voltage Range 1.2 V

Input Capacitance 10 pF

Reference Error ±0.9 mV T

= 25°C

Output Impedance 1.45 kΩ

Temperature Coefficient 10 ppm/°C

CLKIN/CLKOUT PINS All specifications CLKIN = 3.58 MHz

Input Clock Frequency 3.58 MHz

Crystal Equivalent Series Resistance 30 200 Ω

LOGIC INPUTS—RESET, CLKIN, CS, SCLK,

MOSI/SCL/Rx, MISO/SDA/Tx

Input High Voltage, V

INH

2.4 V VDD = 3.3 V ± 10%

Input Low Voltage, V

INL

0.8 V VDD = 3.3 V ± 10%

Input Current, I

= 0 V

MOSI/SCL/Rx, MISO/SDA/Tx, RESET

−6.5 μA

CLKIN, CS, SCLK 0 μA

Input Capacitance, C

10 pF

LOGIC OUTPUTS—IRQ, REVP, ZX, ZX_I,

CLKOUT, MOSI/SCL/Rx, MISO/SDA/Tx

VDD = 3.3 V ± 10%

Output High Voltage, V

3.0 V I

SOURCE

= 800 μA

Output Low Voltage, V

0.4 V I

SINK

= 2 mA

POWER SUPPLY For specified performance

VDD 3.0 V 3.3 V − 10%

3.6 V 3.3 V + 10%

6.8 mA

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