2008-10-02 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r3
1
Project
IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group
<http://ieee802.org/16>
Title
IEEE 802.16m Evaluation Methodology Document (EMD)
Date
Submitted
2008-10-02
Source(s)
Editor: Roshni Srinivasan, Intel Corporation
Jeff Zhuang, Motorola (Section 3)
Louay Jalloul, Beceem Communications (Section 4)
Robert Novak, Nortel Networks (Section 5,6,7,8)
Jeongho Park, Samsung Electronics (Section 10)
roshni.m.srinivasan@intel.com
jeff.zhuang@motorola.com
jalloul@beceem.com
rnovak@nortel.com
jeongho.jh.park@samsung.com
Re: Evaluation Methodology for P802.16m-Advanced Air Interface
Abstract
This document is the approved baseline 802.16m Evaluation Methodology. As
directed by TGm, this document is a revision to IEEE 802.16m-08/004r2
according to the comment resolution conducted by TGm in Session #57.
Purpose Revised evaluation methodology for the P802.16m draft.
Notice
This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of
its subgroups. It represents only the views of the participants listed in the “Source(s)” field above.
It is offered as a basis for discussion. It is not binding on the contributor(s), who reserve(s) the right
to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release
The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in
this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication;
to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include
portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in
whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and
accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.16.
Patent
Policy
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<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6
> and
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3
>.
Further information is located at <http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/pat-material.html
> and
<http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat
>.
2008-10-02 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r3
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Table of Contents 1
2
1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................20 3
2. System Simulation Requirements ...................................................................................................... 21 4
2.1. Antenna Characteristics................................................................................................................. 21 5
2.1.1. BS Antenna................................................................................................................................21 6
2.1.1.1. BS Antenna Pattern ................................................................................................................ 21 7
2.1.1.2. BS Antenna Orientation .......................................................................................................... 22 8
2.1.2. MS Antenna ...............................................................................................................................22 9
2.2. Simulation Assumptions.................................................................................................................23 10
2.3. Test Scenarios ...............................................................................................................................26 11
2.4. Reference System Calibration ....................................................................................................... 28 12
2.4.1. Base Station Model.................................................................................................................... 28 13
2.4.2. Mobile Station Model ................................................................................................................. 28 14
2.4.3. OFDMA Parameters .................................................................................................................. 29 15
3. Channel Models..................................................................................................................................30 16
3.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................30 17
3.1.1. General Considerations (Informative)........................................................................................ 30 18
3.1.2. Overview of Channel Modeling Methodology (Informative)....................................................... 31 19
3.1.3. Calibration Model (Informative) .................................................................................................33 20
3.1.4. System Level Channel Modeling Considerations (Informative)................................................. 33 21
3.2. System Level Channel Model ........................................................................................................ 35 22
3.2.1. Spatial Channel Modeling.......................................................................................................... 35 23
3.2.2. Radio Environment and Propagation Scenarios ....................................................................... 37 24
3.2.3. Path Loss................................................................................................................................... 38 25
3.2.3.1. Urban Macrocell (Optional) .................................................................................................... 38 26
3.2.3.2. Suburban Macrocell (Optional)...............................................................................................39 27
3.2.3.3. Urban Microcell (Optional)...................................................................................................... 39 28
3.2.3.4. Indoor Small Office (Optional) ................................................................................................ 40 29
3.2.3.5. Indoor Hot Spot (Optional) .....................................................................................................41 30
3.2.3.6. Outdoor to Indoor (Optional) ..................................................................................................41 31
3.2.3.7. Open Rural Macrocell (Optional)............................................................................................41 32
3.2.3.8. Path Loss Model for Baseline Test Scenario (Mandatory).....................................................42 33
3.2.4. Shadowing Factor......................................................................................................................42 34
3.2.5. Cluster-Delay-Line Models ........................................................................................................ 44 35
3.2.5.1. Urban Macrocell (Optional) .................................................................................................... 46 36
3.2.5.2. Suburban Macrocell (Optional)...............................................................................................47 37
3.2.5.3. Urban Microcell (Optional)...................................................................................................... 48 38
3.2.5.4. Indoor Small Office (Optional) ................................................................................................ 49 39
3.2.5.5. Indoor Hotspot (Optional) .......................................................................................................49 40
3.2.5.6. Outdoor to Indoor (Optional) ..................................................................................................51 41
3.2.5.7. Rural Macrocell (Optional)...................................................................................................... 51 42
3.2.6. Channel Type and Velocity Mix .................................................................................................52 43
3.2.7. Doppler Spectrum for Stationary Users.....................................................................................52 44
3.2.8. Generation of Spatial Channels................................................................................................. 52 45
3.2.9. Channel Model for Baseline Test Scenario (Mandatory)........................................................... 57 46
3.3. Link Level Channel Model.............................................................................................................. 59 47
4. Link-to-System Mapping..................................................................................................................... 60 48
4.1. Background of PHY Abstraction .................................................................................................... 60 49
4.2. Dynamic PHY Abstraction Methodology........................................................................................60 50
4.3. Mutual Information Based Effective SINR Mapping....................................................................... 62 51
4.3.1. Received Bit Mutual Information Rate (RBIR) ESM (Mandatory)..............................................63 52
4.3.1.1. RBIR Mapping for a SISO/SIMO System...............................................................................63 53
4.3.1.2. RBIR Mapping for a Linear MIMO Receiver........................................................................... 65 54
4.3.1.3. RBIR Mapping for the Maximum-Likelihood (ML) MIMO Receiver ........................................ 65 55
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4.3.2. Mean Mutual Information per Bit (MMIB) ESM..........................................................................69 1
4.3.2.1. MIB Mapping for SISO Systems............................................................................................. 70 2
4.3.2.2. MIMO Receiver Abstraction ...................................................................................................74 3
4.3.2.3. MIMO ML Receiver Abstraction..............................................................................................75 4
4.3.3. Exponential ESM (EESM).......................................................................................................... 76 5
4.4. Per-tone SINR Computation .......................................................................................................... 77 6
4.4.1. Per-tone Post Processing SINR for SISO .................................................................................77 7
4.4.2. Per-tone Post Processing SINR for SIMO with MRC ................................................................77 8
4.4.3. Per-tone Post Processing SINR for MIMO STBC with MRC.....................................................78 9
4.4.4. Per-Tone Post Processing SINR Calculation for Spatial Multiplexing....................................... 80 10
4.4.5. Interference Aware PHY Abstraction......................................................................................... 81 11
4.4.6. Practical Transmitter/Receiver Impairments..............................................................................81 12
4.4.7. Channel Estimation Errors.........................................................................................................81 13
4.4.7.1. SISO Channel Estimation Error Modeling.............................................................................. 81 14
4.4.7.2. SIMO Channel Estimation Error Modeling ............................................................................. 82 15
4.4.7.3. 2x2 MIMO Channel Estimation Error Modeling...................................................................... 83 16
4.4.8. Interference Unaware Modeling ................................................................................................ 84 17
4.4.9. Error Vector Magnitude..............................................................................................................85 18
4.5. Deriving Packet Error Rate from Block Error Rate ........................................................................86 19
4.6. PHY Abstraction for H-ARQ........................................................................................................... 86 20
4.6.1. Baseline Modeling for HARQ..................................................................................................... 86 21
4.6.2. Chase Combining ...................................................................................................................... 86 22
4.6.3. Incremental Redundancy (IR).................................................................................................... 87 23
4.7. PHY Abstraction for Repetition Coding.......................................................................................... 89 24
5. Link Adaptation................................................................................................................................... 89 25
5.1. Adaptive Modulation and Coding ................................................................................................... 89 26
5.1.1. Link Adaptation with HARQ ....................................................................................................... 89 27
5.2. Channel Quality Feedback............................................................................................................. 90 28
5.2.1. Channel Quality Feedback Delay and Availability .....................................................................90 29
5.2.2. Channel Quality Feedback Error ............................................................................................... 90 30
6. HARQ .................................................................................................................................................90 31
6.1. HARQ Acknowledgement ..............................................................................................................91 32
7. Scheduling.......................................................................................................................................... 91 33
7.1. DL Scheduler ................................................................................................................................. 92 34
7.2. UL Scheduler ................................................................................................................................. 92 35
8. Handover ............................................................................................................................................92 36
8.1. System Simulation with Mobility..................................................................................................... 92 37
8.1.1. Single Moving MS Model ........................................................................................................... 93 38
8.1.1.1. Trajectories............................................................................................................................. 93 39
8.1.1.1.1. Trajectory 1 ......................................................................................................................... 93 40
8.1.1.1.2. Trajectory 2 ......................................................................................................................... 93 41
8.1.1.1.3. Trajectory 3 ......................................................................................................................... 94 42
8.1.1.2. 10 Cell Topology..................................................................................................................... 95 43
8.1.1.3. Handover Evaluation Procedure ............................................................................................ 95 44
8.1.2. Multiple Moving MS Model......................................................................................................... 96 45
8.1.2.1. Trajectories............................................................................................................................. 96 46
8.1.2.2. 19 Cell Topology..................................................................................................................... 97 47
8.1.2.3. Handover Evaluation Procedure ............................................................................................ 97 48
8.2. Handover Performance Metrics ..................................................................................................... 97 49
8.2.1. Radio Layer Latency.................................................................................................................. 98 50
8.2.2. Network Entry and Connection Setup Time .............................................................................. 98 51
8.2.3. Handover Interruption Time.......................................................................................................98 52
8.2.4. Data Loss...................................................................................................................................99 53
8.2.5. Handover Failure Rate............................................................................................................... 99 54
9. Power Management (Informative)......................................................................................................99 55
9.1. Formulation for IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition Latency........................................................ 99 56
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9.1.1. Device-initiated IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition ..............................................................100 1
9.1.2. Network-initiated IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition ............................................................100 2
9.1.3. IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition Latency........................................................................... 100 3
9.2. Procedure for Evaluation of IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition Latency .................................. 100 4
10. Traffic Models...............................................................................................................................101 5
10.1. Web Browsing (HTTP) Traffic Model ...........................................................................................102 6
10.1.1. HTTP and TCP Interactions for DL HTTP Traffic ....................................................................105 7
10.1.2. HTTP and TCP Interactions for UL HTTP Traffic ....................................................................105 8
10.2. File Transfer Protocol Model........................................................................................................ 105 9
10.3. Speech Source Model (VoIP) ......................................................................................................107 10
10.3.1. Basic Voice Model ................................................................................................................... 107 11
10.3.2. VoIP Traffic Model Parameters ...............................................................................................110 12
10.4. Near Real Time Video Streaming Model .....................................................................................111 13
10.5. Video Telephony Model ............................................................................................................... 113 14
10.6. Gaming Traffic Model................................................................................................................... 114 15
10.7. Email Traffic Model ......................................................................................................................115 16
10.8. Traffic Mixes.................................................................................................................................117 17
11. Simulation Procedure and Flow ................................................................................................... 118 18
12. Interference Modeling ..................................................................................................................119 19
13. Performance Metrics....................................................................................................................120 20
13.1. Introduction ...............................................................................................................................120 21
13.1.1. Single User Performance Metrics.......................................................................................... 120 22
13.1.1.1. Link Budget and Coverage Range (Noise Limited) - Single-Cell Consideration .............. 120 23
13.1.1.2. SINR Coverage – Interference Limited Multi-cell Consideration ......................................123 24
13.1.1.3. Data Rate Coverage – Interference Limited Multi-cell Consideration............................... 123 25
13.1.2. Multi-User Performance Metrics............................................................................................123 26
13.2. Definitions of Performance Metrics............................................................................................124 27
13.2.1. Throughput Performance Metrics........................................................................................... 124 28
13.2.1.1. Average Data Throughput for User u ..................................................................................125 29
13.2.1.2. Average Per-User Data Throughput ...................................................................................125 30
13.2.1.3. Sector Data Throughput ......................................................................................................125 31
13.2.1.4. Average Packet Call Throughput for User u .......................................................................125 32
13.2.1.5. Average Per-User Packet Call Throughput.........................................................................126 33
13.2.1.6. The Histogram of Users’ Average Packet Call Throughput ................................................ 126 34
13.2.1.7. Throughput Outage ............................................................................................................. 126 35
13.2.1.8. Cell Edge User Throughput................................................................................................. 126 36
13.2.2. Performance Metrics for Delay Sensitive Applications........................................................... 126 37
13.2.2.1. Packet Delay ...................................................................................................................... 126 38
13.2.2.2. The CDF of Packet Delay per User.................................................................................... 127 39
13.2.2.3. X%-tile Packet delay per User ...........................................................................................127 40
13.2.2.4. The CDF of X%-tile Packet Delays .................................................................................... 127 41
13.2.2.5. The Y%-tile of X%-tile Packet Delays ................................................................................ 127 42
13.2.2.6. User Average Packet Delay ...............................................................................................127 43
13.2.2.7. CDF of Users’ Average Packet Delay ................................................................................127 44
13.2.2.8. Packet Loss Ratio ..............................................................................................................127 45
13.2.3. System Level Metrics for Unicast Transmission..................................................................... 128 46
13.2.3.1. System Data Throughput ................................................................................................... 128 47
13.2.3.2. Spectral Efficiency..............................................................................................................128 48
13.2.3.3. CDF of SINR ......................................................................................................................128 49
13.2.3.4. Histogram of MCS .............................................................................................................. 128 50
13.2.3.5. Application Capacity...........................................................................................................129 51
13.2.3.6. System Outage...................................................................................................................129 52
13.2.3.7. Coverage and Capacity Trade-off Plot...............................................................................129 53
13.2.4. System Level Metrics for Multicast Broadcast Service........................................................... 129 54
13.2.4.1. Maximum MBS Data Rate.................................................................................................. 129 55
13.2.4.2. Coverage versus Data Rate Trade-off ...............................................................................129 56
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13.2.4.3. Impact of Multicast/Broadcast Resource Size on Unicast Throughput..............................129 1
13.3. Fairness Criteria.........................................................................................................................129 2
13.3.1. Moderately Fair Solution........................................................................................................ 130 3
13.3.2. Short Term Fairness Indication ............................................................................................. 130 4
14. Relay Evaluation Methodology ....................................................................................................131 5
14.1. Test Scenarios .......................................................................................................................... 131 6
14.1.1. Above Rooftop RS Scenario ................................................................................................. 131 7
14.1.1.1. Two Relays per Sector Scenario........................................................................................ 132 8
14.1.2. Below Rooftop RS Scenario..................................................................................................133 9
14.2. Basic Parameters......................................................................................................................133 10
14.3. Channel Models........................................................................................................................ 135 11
14.3.1. Pathloss Models ................................................................................................................... 136 12
14.3.1.1. ART RS Scenario..............................................................................................................136 13
14.3.1.1.1. BS-MS and RS-MS links................................................................................................ 136 14
14.3.1.1.2. BS-RS and RS-RS links.................................................................................................136 15
14.3.2. Spatial channel models ........................................................................................................ 137 16
14.3.2.1. ART RS scenario ............................................................................................................. 137 17
14.3.2.1.1. BS-MS and RS-MS links............................................................................................... 137 18
14.3.2.1.2. BS-RS and RS-RS links................................................................................................ 137 19
14.3.3. Shadowing models ...............................................................................................................138 20
14.3.4. Summary ..............................................................................................................................140 21
14.4. Relaying Model .........................................................................................................................141 22
14.4.1. Relay frame structure and resource allocation..................................................................... 141 23
14.4.1.1. Two-hop scenario............................................................................................................. 141 24
14.5. Simulation Procedure and Flow................................................................................................ 141 25
14.6. MS Association ......................................................................................................................... 142 26
14.7. Scheduling ................................................................................................................................142 27
14.8. Performance metrics................................................................................................................. 142 28
15. Template for Reporting Results ................................................................................................... 143 29
Appendix A: Spatial Correlation Calculation .............................................................................................145 30
Appendix B: Polarized Antenna ................................................................................................................ 147 31
Appendix C: LOS Option with a K-factor................................................................................................... 149 32
Appendix D: Antenna Gain Imbalance and Coupling ..............................................................................150 33
Appendix E: WINNER Primary Model Description................................................................................... 151 34
Appendix F: Generic Proportionally Fair Scheduler for OFDMA ..............................................................153 35
Appendix G: 19 Cell Wrap Around Implementation .................................................................................. 155 36
G-1. Multi-Cell Layout ..........................................................................................................................155 37
G-2. Obtaining virtual MS locations .....................................................................................................156 38
G-3. Determination of serving cell/sector for each MS in a wrap-around multi-cell network ............... 156 39
Appendix H: Path Loss Calculations........................................................................................................158 40
Appendix I: Modeling Control Overhead and Signalling (Informative)......................................................160 41
I-1. Overhead Channels .....................................................................................................................160 42
I-1.1. Dynamic Simulation of the Downlink Overhead Channels .......................................................... 160 43
I-1.2. Uplink Modeling in Downlink System Simulation ......................................................................... 161 44
I-1.3. Signaling Errors............................................................................................................................ 161 45
Appendix J: Optional Test Scenarios (Informative) ..................................................................................162 46
Appendix K: Transmit Power and EVM..................................................................................................... 164 47
Appendix L: TCP Modeling (Informative) ..................................................................................................166 48
L-1. TCP Session Establishment and Release ................................................................................... 166 49
L-2. TCP Slow Start Modeling ............................................................................................................. 167 50
Appendix M: Trace Based Model for Streaming Video (Informative) ....................................................... 170 51
Appendix N: FCC Spectral Mask (Informative) ......................................................................................... 172 52
Appendix O: Per-tone Post Processing SINR for MISO and MIMO with Cyclic Delay Diversity 53
(Informative) .............................................................................................................................................. 173 54
Appendix P: Updated HTTP Traffic Model (Informative) ..........................................................................174 55
Appendix Q: Derivations and Details for RBIR Metric (Informative) .........................................................176 56
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