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Java JFace 技术是Eclipse框架中的一个重要组成部分，它为构建用户界面提供了一种模型-视图-控制器（MVC）的编程模式。JFace是Eclipse RCP（Rich Client Platform）的一部分，旨在简化GUI开发，使得开发者可以更加专注于业务逻辑，而不是底层的窗口系统细节。在Eclipse中，SWT（Standard Widget Toolkit）提供了基本的UI组件，如按钮、文本框等，而JFace则是建立在SWT之上的抽象层。JFace提供了一些高级功能，例如数据绑定、表单构建、视图管理以及对话框服务，使得开发者能够更高效地创建复杂的用户界面。 JFace的核心概念包括： 1. **视图(Views)**：视图是用户界面中的一个区域，用于展示特定的数据或执行特定的功能。JFace提供了一套API来创建和管理视图，使得视图可以通过菜单、工具栏或者工作台窗口进行添加和移除。 2. **编辑器(Editors)**：编辑器是用于处理特定类型的文件或数据的组件。JFace提供了一种机制，使得编辑器可以与Eclipse的工作空间进行交互，实现文件的打开、保存和版本控制。 3. **数据绑定(Data Binding)**：JFace的数据绑定允许开发者将UI组件与模型对象的数据进行关联，当模型数据改变时，UI会自动更新，反之亦然。这极大地减少了手动同步数据的代码量。 4. **选择服务(Selection Service)**：在Eclipse环境中，选择服务允许不同的组件之间共享当前的选择信息。JFace提供了一种标准的方式来注册和监听选择更改，从而实现不同视图之间的协作。 5. **对话框(Dialogs)**：JFace包含了一系列预定义的对话框，如消息对话框、输入对话框等，这些对话框可以方便地集成到应用程序中，提供统一的用户体验。 6. **表单(Form)**：JFace的表单工具允许开发者快速创建带有输入字段、标签和按钮的复杂表单，同时支持数据验证和错误处理。 7. **表(Table)** 和 **树(Tree)** 控件：JFace提供了增强的表格和树形视图组件，它们支持分页、排序、过滤等功能，并能与数据模型紧密结合。通过学习和使用Java JFace，开发者可以构建出具有专业外观和行为的Eclipse插件或独立应用程序。`11-JFace.pdf`可能包含了JFace技术的详细教程或参考指南，而`www.pudn.com.txt`可能是下载资源的来源信息。对于想要深入理解和应用Eclipse JFace技术的开发者来说，这些资料是很有价值的。

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11-JFace.rar （2个子文件）

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Department of Computer Science JFace

University of Manitoba Tutorial 11 - 1 www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~eclipse

JFace

1, 2

by Lori Watson

Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Last revised: February 20, 2004

Overview:

JFace is a UI toolkit built on top of SWT. It uses SWT widgets to implement GUI code

that is common among different applications. Using JFace, you can create user interface

components with less code than if you had started at the basic SWT widget level. For

example, to create a message dialog, as will be done in this document, you can either use

the SWT widgets directly or you can use the classes provided by JFace. Using SWT, you

would create the shell for the dialog, set its size and location, add and position buttons

and labels, and maybe even add an image. With JFace, you could make the same dialog

by calling one method with three parameters, the rest of the details are handled by the

JFace dialog class. This requires less effort and less code each time you use it in an

application. In this document we describe how to get started using JFace. As with the

previous documents, the focus is not on developing plugins to extend the Eclipse

workbench, but rather on using JFace in a stand-alone application.

Window

Window is one of two JFace base window classes. It is built on the SWT Display and

Shell widgets we saw earlier in the Basic SWT Widgets section, but they are in a class that

does some of the common work for us. To create a basic window using JFace, you need

to start by importing the following packages:

import org.eclipse.jface.window.*;

import org.eclipse.swt.widgets.*;

The Window class is an abstract class, and therefore cannot be instantiated. You need to

extend Window and call its constructor in the new window class constructor, as follows:

This work was funded by an IBM Eclipse Innovation Grant.

Department of Computer Science JFace

University of Manitoba Tutorial 11 - 2 www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~eclipse

public class JFaceDemo extends Window

{

JFaceDemo()

{

super(null);

}

In the main method, you need to create an instance of the JFaceDemo class and add the

following code:

public static void main(String[] args)

{

JFaceDemo demo = new JFaceDemo();

demo.setBlockOnOpen(true);

demo.open();

Display.getCurrent().dispose();

}

The setBlockOnOpen method is set to true so that once the window is opened, it will

remain open until the user closes it. The open method is what actually displays the

window. Once the user closes the window, the control returns to the next line in the code

which gets the current display and disposes of it. It is always good practice to clean up

after your code. The following basic window is displayed:

The window’s size can be adjusted, as well as other properties, by overriding the

createContents method in Window and setting the shell’s properties as in the following

code:

public Control createContents(Composite parent)

{

parent.getShell().setSize(200,200);

parent.getShell().setLocation(300,300);

parent.getShell().setText("Window title");

return parent;

}

Department of Computer Science JFace

University of Manitoba Tutorial 11 - 3 www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~eclipse

The createContents method is called after all widgets have been drawn, but before the

window has been displayed. This method is also where we can specify other widgets to

be displayed, such as buttons or labels, using the same syntax as in Basic SWT Widgets.

As an example, add the following code before the return statement of the above method

to add a label, text field and button to the window.

Composite composite1 = new Composite(parent, SWT.NONE);

Label label = new Label(composite1, SWT.NONE);

label.setText("Read");

label.setLocation(5,5);

label.setSize(50,20);

Text text = new Text(composite1, SWT.BORDER);

text.setText("Write");

text.setLocation(5,25);

text.setSize(50,20);

Button button = new Button(composite1, SWT.PUSH);

button.setText("Click");

button.setLocation(5,50);

button.setSize(50,20);

The following window is displayed:

Listeners for the widgets can be added as well, just as was done in the SWT Widget

document.

Application Window

The application window is the other base window class in JFace. It is a subclass of the

Window class with added functionality which allows us to easily create a standard menu

bar, tool bar and status line. To create an application window is the same process as

creating a Window, except instead of extending Window, you need to extend

ApplicationWindow. If you did this to the above code, you would get an identical looking

Department of Computer Science JFace

University of Manitoba Tutorial 11 - 4 www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~eclipse

window. We will look at how to add a menu bar, tool bar and status line after we

introduce JFace’s Action.

Action

An action is a command activated by the user either on a menu bar or a tool bar. It allows

us to share a behavior between these two widgets, eliminating redundant code. For

example, in the Eclipse platform we can save a file by either selecting File>Save from the

menu bar, or clicking on the disk icon in the tool bar. Instead of manually adding listeners

to handle both events, we can create an Action that we can reuse in both cases.

We will create a subclass of Action called ExitAction to use in our discussion of the

menu bar and the tool bar. This Action will be used to close the window. To begin, you

need to import the following packages:

import org.eclipse.jface.action.*;

import org.eclipse.jface.window.*;

Next you need to create the class ExitAction, extending the Action class. It will accept

the application window as an argument to the class constructor. The only method you

must override is the run method, which defines the steps to be taken with this action, in

this case, close the window. So far, this is done in the following code:

class ExitAction extends Action

{

ApplicationWindow window;

public ExitAction(ApplicationWindow w)

{

window = w;

}

public void run()

{

window.close();

}

In the constructor, you can set some properties of the Action. The following code sets the

text to be displayed for the action.

setText("E&xit@Ctrl+W");

The ‘&’ character in front of a letter indicates that the letter is a mnemonic, and the ‘@’

character indicates which accelerator or keyboard shortcut is used. You are now ready to

Department of Computer Science JFace

University of Manitoba Tutorial 11 - 5 www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~eclipse

use this action in a menu bar. We will discuss more properties for Actions when we

implement the Tool Bar.

Menu Bar

You have already seen menu bars in the Basic SWT Widgets document. Here we will look

at how JFace simplifies menu bar creation. To start, you import the following package so

that you may use the ExitAction class created above:

import org.eclipse.jface.action.*;

Next, you create a basic application window as done previously. In this window you

declare an ExitAction variable, in this case call it ourAction, and then create an instance

of the ExitAction in the constructor as follows:

ourAction = new ExitAction(this);

To add a standard menu bar to an application window, you add the following before the

call to the application window’s open method:

demo.addMenuBar();

You then override the application window’s createMenuManager method which returns a

menu manager used to create the menu bar. Create an instance of the MenuManager with

the following code:

MenuManager menuBar = new MenuManager();

From here you can add other menu managers to menuBar, creating the skeleton of the

menu, but each time passing a string value to MenuManager, which represents the name

to be displayed. Notice the mnemonic indicator is again being used in the following code:

MenuManager fileMenu = new MenuManager("&File");

menuBar.add(fileMenu);

Finally, to create an option for the user to select, you need to add an Action to the menu

bar skeleton.

fileMenu.add(exitAction);

You can also create and add a separator to the skeleton for visual grouping using the

following code:

Separator separator = new Separator();

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