APA FORMATTING
AND
STYLE GUIDE
by
University of Malaya Library (UML)
i
Title
Content
Page
General Rules
1-2
Single Author
Two Authors
Three to Six Authors
More Than Six Authors
Author - Malay Names (without family names)
Author - Chinese Names
Author - Chinese Names with English Names
Author - Indian & Sikh Names (without family names)
Inherited Names
Conferred titles
Local Government Institution as Author
Foreign Government Institution as Author
Unique Corporate Body Names
Organization as Author
Conference Names with Numbers
Unknown Author
Reference List : Book
3
Basic Format for Books
Edited Book, No Author
Edited Book with an Author or Authors
A Translation
Edition Other Than the First
Article or Chapter in an Edited Book
Multivolume Work
Reference List : Articles in Periodicals
4
Basic Form
Article in Journal Paginated by Volume
Article in Journal Paginated by Issue
Article in a Magazine
Article in a Newspaper
Letter to the Editor
Review
Reference List : Other Print Sources
5-6
An Entry in an Encyclopedia
Work Discussed in a Secondary Source
Dissertation Abstract
Government Document
Report from a Private Organization
Conference Proceedings
Published Conference Paper
Unpublished Conference Paper
Academic Exercise / Thesis (Unpublished)
ii
Title
Content
Page
Reference List : Electronic Sources
7-8
Article From an Online Periodical
Online Scholarly Journal Article
Online Scholarly Journal Article with Printed Version Available
Article From a Database
Nonperiodical Web Document, Web Page, or Report
Chapter or Section of a Web Document
Online Forum or Discussion Board Posting
Computer Software
Reference List : Other Non-Print Sources
9-10
Interview, Email, and Other Personal Communications
Motion Picture
A Motion Picture or Video Tape with International or National
Availability
A Motion Picture or Video Tape with Limited Availability
Television Broadcast or Series Episode
Single Episode of a Television Series
Television Broadcast
A Television Series
Music Recording
Suggested Reading Materials
Appendix
1
General Rules
Single Author
Last name first, followed by author
initials.
Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social
development. Current Directions in Psychological
Science, 11, 7-10.
Two Authors
List by their last names and initials.
Use the ampersand (&) instead of
"and."
Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994). Mood
management across affective states: The hedonic
contingency hypothesis. Journal of Personality &
Social Psychology, 66, 1034-1048.
Three to Six
Authors
List by last names and initials;
commas separate author names,
while the last author name is
preceded again by ampersand (&).
Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., &
Harlow, T. (1993). There's more to self-esteem than
whether it is high or low: The importance of stability
of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 65, 1190-1204.
More Than Six
Authors
If there are more than six authors,
list the first six as above and then
"et al.," which stands for "and
others." Remember not to place a
period after "et" in "et al."
Harris, M., Karper, E., Stacks, G., Hoffman, D., DeNiro,
R., Cruz, P., et al. (2001). Writing labs and the
Hollywood connection. Journal of Film and Writing,
44(3), 213-245.
Author - Malay
Names
(without family
names)
Omit bin/binti
Asmah Binti Omar
Cite as
Asmah Omar. (1991). Kemahiran berbahasa. Kuala
Lumpur: Penerbitan Pustaka Antara.
Author - Chinese
Names
First name first, followed by author
initials.
Chu Chin Ning
Cite as
Chu, C. N. (1995). Simulated counter-current adsorption
processes; A comparison of modeling strategies.
Chemical Engineering Journal, 56, 59-65.
Author - Chinese
Names with
English Names
Family names followed by the
initials of the English name and the
author initials
Vincent Foo Hiap Khian
Cite as
Foo, V. H. K. (1983). Sarawak: Mini episodes of the
past. Petaling Jaya: Fajar Bakti.
2
Author-Indian &
Sikh Names
(without family
names)
Omit d/o, s/o, a/l, a/p
Narrayani a/p Jeganathan.
Cite as
Narrayani Jeganathan. (2009).
Inherited Names
Cite as it is
Raja Ahmad Niza.
Cite as
Raja Ahmad Niza. (2009).
Conferred titles
Omit title
Tun Mahathir Mohamad
Cite as
Mahathir Mohamad
Local
Government
Institution as
Author
Cite under state and followed by
the name of department in Malay
Pahang, Jabatan Alam Sekitar. (2009).
Foreign
Government
Institution as
Author
Cite under state or country and
followed by the name of
department in English
New Zealand, Department of External Affairs. (2009).
Unique
Corporate Body
Names
If the name starts with Foundation
(Yayasan), Board (Lembaga), cite
as it is given
Yayasan Sabah. (2009).
Organization as
Author
American Psychological Association. (2003).
Conference
Names with
Numbers
Do not include the numbers
Fifth Asia-Pacific Physics Conference
Cite as
Asia-Pacific Physics Conference
Unknown Author
Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th
ed.).(1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
