第 35 卷 第 14 期 中 国 电 机 工 程 学 报 Vol.35 No.14 Jul. 20, 2015
2015 年 7 月 20 日 Proceedings of the CSEE ©2015 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng. 3541
DOI:
10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2015.14.008
文章编号:
0258-8013 (2015) 14-3541-10
中图分类号:
TM 46
一种基于虚拟电机控制的能量路由器
盛万兴
1
,刘海涛
1
,曾正
2
,吕志鹏
1
,谭骞
3
,段青
1
,冉立
2
(1.配电变压器节能技术北京市重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院),北京市 海淀区 100192;
2.输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市 沙坪坝区 400044;
3.新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市 昌平区 102206)
An Energy Hub Based on Virtual-Machine Control
SHENG Wanxing
1
, LIU Haitao
1
, ZENG Zheng
2
, LÜ Zhipeng
1
, TAN Qian
3
, DUAN Qing
1
, RAN Li
2
(1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Distribution Transformer Energy-saving Technology (China Electric Power Research Institute),
Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New
Technology (Chongqing University), Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical
Power System with Renewable Energy Sources (North China Electric Power University), Changping District, Beijing 102206, China)
ABSTRACT: The energy hub is one of the key technologies
under the umbrella concept of energy internet. The energy hub
topology and its control scheme will closely affect the flexible
operation of future grids in terms of conversion and renewable
integration. An AC/DC hybrid electric energy hub was
proposed with a modular structure and isolation on the
line-frequency AC side. Using the hub, the low voltage AC and
DC distribution networks, renewable energy sources, energy
storage devices and loads can be easily integrated into the
utility system. A virtual-machine-based control strategy was
presented for the energy hub to emulate the machine inertia and
damping, improving its stability. Based on the study using
established models and a virtual-machine-based control
scheme, a small-signal model and power sharing scheme of the
energy hub were proposed. Finally, focusing on a typical
energy hub system, the validity and effectiveness of the
proposed topology and control strategy are verified by using
PSCAD/EMTDC. The proposed model and analysis approach
can be useful in future energy internet and energy hub
development.
KEY WORDS: energy internet; energy hub; virtual
synchronous machine; virtual DC machine; small-signal model
基金项目:国家国际科技合作专项项目(2014DFG72620);国家电
网公司科技项目(PD71-15-038);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助
项目(106112015CDJXY150005,CDJZR12150074)。
The State &International Science and Technology Cooperation Project
(2014DFG72620); Science and Technology Project of SGCC
(PD71-15-038); The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (106112015CDJXY150005, CDJZR12150074).
摘要:能量路由器是能源互联网的关键技术之一,其电路拓
扑和运行控制与可再生能源接纳、灵活电力变换息息相关。
与传统基于固态变压器的能量路由器不同,文中提出一种交
直流混合、工频隔离、交直流模块化的能量路由器电路,便
于低压交直流配电网接入、负荷供电、可再生能源和储能等
分布式电源消纳。在此基础上,基于虚拟电机理论,还提出
该能量路由器的控制策略,交流侧接口采用虚拟同步电机控
制,直流侧接口采用虚拟直流电机控制,以增强系统惯性和
阻尼,提升系统稳定性。然后,建立了虚拟电机控制的数学
模型,分析其小信号模型和功率分配特性。最后,针对一个
典型的能量路由器系统,利用 PSCAD/EMTDC 的仿真结果
验证了所提电路拓扑和控制策略的正确性和有效性,为能量
路由器和能源互联网的研究提供了一种新的模型和方法。
关键词:能源互联网;能量路由器;虚拟同步电机;虚拟直
流电机;小信号模型
0 引言
为了更好地将可再生能源接入电网,近年来,
综合了网络能源技术的能源互联网概念得到了广
泛的关注
[1-2]
。然而,要实现能源互联网,还面临着
诸多技术挑战
[3]
,其中能量路由器作为能源互联网
的关键装备,直接关系到可再生能源的消纳、电能
的灵活高效变换,因此其电路拓扑和运行控制具有
重要的研究价值和应用前景
[4]
。
现有关于能量路由器的研究主要集中在:基于
高频变压器和功率器件的固态变压器(或称电力电
子变压器方面)
[4-6]
,其面向的应用对象主要是中高