gnirehtet：Gnirehtet为Android提供反向绑定

# Gnirehtet (v2.5) This project provides **reverse tethering** over `adb` for Android: it allows devices to use the internet connection of the computer they are plugged on. It does not require any _root_ access (neither on the device nor on the computer). It works on _GNU/Linux_, _Windows_ and _Mac OS_. Currently, it relays [TCP] and [UDP] over [IPv4] traffic, but it does not support [IPv6] (yet?). [TCP]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol [UDP]: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol [IPv4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4 [IPv6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6 ## Flavors Two implementations of _Gnirehtet_ are available: - one in **Java**; - one in **Rust**. ### Which one to choose? Use the **Rust** implementation. The native binary consumes less CPU and memory, and does not require a _Java_ runtime environment. The relay server of _Gnirehtet_ was initially only implemented in Java. As a benefit, the same "binary" runs on every platform having _Java 8_ runtime installed. It is still maintained to provide a working alternative in case of problems with the Rust version. ## Requirements The Android application requires at least API 21 (Android 5.0). For the _Java_ version only, _Java 8_ (JRE) is required on your computer. On Debian-based distros, install the package `openjdk-8-jre`. ### adb You need a recent version of [adb] (where `adb reverse` is implemented, it works with 1.0.36). It is available in the [Android SDK platform tools][platform-tools]. On Debian-based distros, you can alternatively install the package `android-tools-adb`. On Windows, if you need `adb` only for this application, just download the [platform-tools][platform-tools-windows] and extract the following files to the _gnirehtet_ directory: - `adb.exe` - `AdbWinApi.dll` - `AdbWinUsbApi.dll` Make sure you [enabled adb debugging][enable-adb] on your device(s). [adb]: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb.html [enable-adb]: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb.html#Enabling [platform-tools]: https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/platform-tools.html [platform-tools-windows]: https://dl.google.com/android/repository/platform-tools-latest-windows.zip ## Get the app ### Homebrew If you use [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/), getting up and running is very quick. To install the Rust version: ``` brew install gnirehtet ``` ### Download Download the [latest release][latest] in the flavor you want. [latest]: https://github.com/Genymobile/gnirehtet/releases/latest #### Rust - **Linux:** [`gnirehtet-rust-linux64-v2.5.zip`][direct-rust-linux64] (SHA-256: _2b1ce04540e8de5df5ddbebb64bb01e27c13d556b3a04a8563dcce3786765705_) - **Windows:** [`gnirehtet-rust-win64-v2.5.zip`][direct-rust-win64] (SHA-256: _9f6d7700368f45d2fa43923324660eca9f879e837e10fc45d8d975273eae4755_) - **MacOS:** [`gnirehtet-rust-macos64-v2.2.1.zip`][direct-rust-macos64] _(old release)_ (SHA-256: _902103e6497f995e1e9b92421be212559950cca4a8b557e1f0403769aee06fc8_) [direct-rust-linux64]: https://github.com/Genymobile/gnirehtet/releases/download/v2.5/gnirehtet-rust-linux64-v2.5.zip [direct-rust-win64]: https://github.com/Genymobile/gnirehtet/releases/download/v2.5/gnirehtet-rust-win64-v2.5.zip [direct-rust-macos64]: https://github.com/Genymobile/gnirehtet/releases/download/v2.2.1/gnirehtet-rust-macos64-v2.2.1.zip Then extract it. The Linux and MacOS archives contain: - `gnirehtet.apk` - `gnirehtet` The Windows archive contains: - `gnirehtet.apk` - `gnirehtet.exe` - `gnirehtet-run.cmd` #### Java - **All platforms:** [`gnirehtet-java-v2.5.zip`][direct-java] (SHA-256: _c65fc1a35e6b169ab6aa45e695c043e933f6fd650363aea7c2add0ecb0db27ca_) [direct-java]: https://github.com/Genymobile/gnirehtet/releases/download/v2.5/gnirehtet-java-v2.5.zip Then extract it. The archive contains: - `gnirehtet.apk` - `gnirehtet.jar` - `gnirehtet` - `gnirehtet.cmd` - `gnirehtet-run.cmd` ## Run (simple) _Note: On Windows, replace `./gnirehtet` by `gnirehtet` in the following commands._ The application has no UI, and is intended to be controlled from the computer only. If you want to activate reverse tethering for exactly one device, just execute: ./gnirehtet run Reverse tethering remains active until you press _Ctrl+C_. On Windows, for convenience, you can double-click on `gnirehtet-run.cmd` instead (it just executes `gnirehtet run`, without requiring to open a terminal). The very first start should open a popup to request permission:  A "key" logo appears in the status bar whenever _Gnirehtet_ is active:  Alternatively, you can enable reverse tethering for all connected devices (present and future) by calling: ./gnirehtet autorun ## Run You can execute the actions separately (it may be useful if you want to reverse tether several devices simultaneously). Start the relay server and keep it open: ./gnirehtet relay Install the `apk` on your Android device: ./gnirehtet install [serial] In another terminal, for each client, execute: ./gnirehtet start [serial] To stop a client: ./gnirehtet stop [serial] To reset the tunnel (useful to get the connection back when a device is unplugged and plugged back while gnirehtet is active): ./gnirehtet tunnel [serial] The _serial_ parameter is required only if `adb devices` outputs more than one device. For advanced options, call `./gnirehtet` without arguments to get more details. ## Run manually The `gnirehtet` program exposes a simple command-line interface that executes lower-level commands. You can call them manually instead. To start the relay server: ./gnirehtet relay To install the apk: adb install -r gnirehtet.apk To start a client: adb reverse localabstract:gnirehtet tcp:31416 adb shell am start -a com.genymobile.gnirehtet.START \ -n com.genymobile.gnirehtet/.GnirehtetActivity To stop a client: adb shell am start -a com.genymobile.gnirehtet.STOP \ -n com.genymobile.gnirehtet/.GnirehtetActivity ## Environment variables `ADB` defines a custom path to the `adb` executable: ```bash ADB=/path/to/my/adb ./gnirehtet run ``` `GNIREHTET_APK` defines a custom path to `gnirehtet.apk`: ```bash GNIREHTET_APK=/usr/share/gnirehtet/gnirehtet.apk ./gnirehtet run ``` ## Why _gnirehtet_? rev <<< tethering (in _Bash_) ## Developers Read the [developers page]. [developers page]: DEVELOP.md ## Licence Copyright (C) 2017 Genymobile Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. ## Articles - [Introducing “gnirehtet”, a reverse tethering tool for Android][medium-1] ([French version][blog-1]) - [Gnirehtet 2: our reverse tethering tool for Android now available in Rust][medium-2] - [Gnirehtet rewritten in Rust][blog-2-en] ([French version][blog-2-fr]) [medium-1]: https://medium.com/@rom1v/gnirehtet-reverse-tethering-android-2afacdbdaec7 [blog-1]: https://blog.rom1v.com/2017/03/gnirehtet/ [medium-2]: https://medium.com/genymobile/gnirehtet-2-our-reverse-tethering-tool-for-android-now-available-in-rust-999960483d5a [blog-2-en]: https://blog.rom1v.com/2017/09/gnirehtet-rewritten-in-rust/ [blog-2-fr]: https://blog.rom1v.com/2017/09/gnirehtet-reecrit-en-rust/