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XCP-Book-V1.5-EN.pdf
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XCP的最新V1.5版本协议,概述XCP协议中关键术语、基本概念及会话方式。由于本协议是由ASAM协会制定,但是是Vector免费释放的,其中多包含Vector工具的使用介绍。
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XCP
The Standard Protocol for the Embedded Development
Andreas Patzer | Rainer Zaiser
XCP
The standard protocol
for the embedded
Development
Basics and areas of application
Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Patzer, Dipl.-Ing. Rainer Zaiser
Vector Informatik GmbH
Status 2022 | Reprint only with permission of Vector Informatik GmbH,
Holderäckerstr. 36, 70499 Stuttgart, Germany
© 2022 by Vector Informatik GmbH. All rights reserved. This book is intended
for personal use only, not for technical or commercial use. It may not be used
as a basis for contracts of any kind. All information in this book has been
compiled with the greatest possible care. However, Vector Informatik does not
warrant or guarantee the accuracy of the information contained herein. Vector
Informatik's liability is excluded except for intent and gross negligence unless
liability is mandatory by law.
Information in this book may be copyrighted and/or patented. Product names
of software, hardware and other product names used in this book may be
registered trademarks or otherwise protected by trademark law, whether or
not identified as registered trademarks.
Page 2
Table of contents
Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5
1. Basics of the XCP protocol ........................................................................................ 9
1.1. The XCP communication model ...................................................................... 12
1.2. XCP protocol layer ............................................................................................. 16
1.2.1. Identification Field ...................................................................................... 17
1.2.2. The Counter Field ........................................................................................ 18
1.2.3. Timestamp .................................................................................................... 18
1.2.4. Data Field ...................................................................................................... 19
1.3. Exchange of CTOs .............................................................................................. 19
1.3.1. XCP command structure ........................................................................... 19
1.3.2. RES ................................................................................................................. 24
1.3.3. ERR ................................................................................................................. 24
1.3.4. EV .................................................................................................................... 25
1.3.5. SERV ............................................................................................................... 25
1.3.6. Adjust parameters in the slave ................................................................ 26
1.4. Exchange of DTOs - synchronous data exchange ...................................... 29
1.4.1. Measurement method: Polling versus DAQ .......................................... 29
1.4.2. The DAQ-measurement method ............................................................. 30
1.4.3. The STIM-transmission method ............................................................... 38
1.4.4. XCP packet addressing for DAQ and STIM .......................................... 38
1.4.5. Bypassing = DAQ + STIM ........................................................................... 40
1.5. Time correlation and synchronization ........................................................... 41
1.5.1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 41
1.5.2. XCP's own method for improving time synchronization ................... 41
1.5.3. Support for external time synchronization techniques ...................... 41
1.5.3.1. Short introduction to PTP .................................................................. 42
1.5.4. Sharing PTP and XCP ................................................................................. 44
1.5.4.1. Scenario 1: Free-running clock in XCP slave .................................. 45
1.5.4.2. Scenario 2: XCP slave clock is synchronized with Grandmaster
Clock ...................................................................................................................... 46
1.5.4.3. Scenario 3: XCP slave clock is syntonized with Grandmaster
Clock ...................................................................................................................... 46
1.5.4.4. Scenario 4.a: XCP slave with two clocks: Free-running clock
combined with a synchronized clock .............................................................. 47
1.5.4.5. Scenario 5: Free-running XCP slave clock and a controller clock
................................................................................................................................ 48
1.6. XCP transport layers ......................................................................................... 48
1.6.1. CAN ................................................................................................................ 49
1.6.2. CAN FD .......................................................................................................... 51
1.6.3. FlexRay ........................................................................................................... 52
1.6.4. Ethernet ......................................................................................................... 56
1.6.4.1. Detecting XCP on Ethernet slaves ................................................... 57
1.6.5. SxI.................................................................................................................... 58
1.6.6. USB ................................................................................................................. 58
Page 3
1.6.7. LIN ................................................................................................................... 59
1.7. XCP Services ........................................................................................................ 59
1.7.1. Memory page switching ............................................................................. 59
1.7.2. Backup of memory pages - Data Page Freezing ................................. 61
1.7.3. Flash programming .................................................................................... 61
1.7.4. Automatic detection of the slave ............................................................ 64
1.7.5. Block transfer mode for upload, download and flashing .................. 64
1.7.6. Saving a DAQ configuration and direct data transfer on power-up
.................................................................................................................................... 65
1.7.7. Protection mechanisms with XCP ........................................................... 65
2. ECU description file A2L .......................................................................................... 67
2.1. Structure of an A2L file .................................................................................... 69
2.2. Manual creation of A2L file .............................................................................. 70
2.3. A2L content versus ECU implementation .................................................... 72
3. Calibration concepts ................................................................................................. 73
3.1. Parameters in Flash ........................................................................................... 73
3.2. Parameters in RAM ............................................................................................ 75
3.3. Flash overlay ........................................................................................................ 76
3.4. Dynamic Flash Overlay Allocation .................................................................. 78
3.5. RAM pointer-based calibration concept according to AUTOSAR ........... 79
3.5.1. Single pointer concept ............................................................................... 79
3.5.2. Double pointer concept .............................................................................. 81
3.6. Flash pointer-based calibration concept ...................................................... 82
4. Areas of application for XCP .................................................................................. 83
4.1. MIL: Model in the Loop ...................................................................................... 84
4.2. SIL: Software in the Loop ................................................................................. 85
4.3. HIL: Hardware-in-the-loop ............................................................................... 86
4.4. RCP: Rapid Control Prototyping ..................................................................... 86
4.5. Bypassing ............................................................................................................. 87
4.6. Shortening iteration cycles with virtual ECUs ............................................. 90
4.7. External XCP slaves ........................................................................................... 91
4.8. Software debugging via XCP .......................................................................... 92
5. Exemplary XCP implementation ............................................................................ 94
5.1. Description of the functions ............................................................................ 95
5.2. Parameterization of the driver ....................................................................... 97
6. Overview of the protocol development ................................................................ 99
6.1. XCP Version 1.1 (2008) ..................................................................................... 99
6.2. XCP Version 1.2 (2013) ..................................................................................... 99
6.3. XCP Version 1.3 (2015) ..................................................................................... 99
6.4. XCP Version 1.4 (2017) ...................................................................................100
6.5. XCP Version 1.5 (2017) ...................................................................................101
List of abbreviations ...................................................................................................102
Bibliography ..................................................................................................................104
Web addresses .............................................................................................................104
List of Figures ...............................................................................................................105
Appendix - XCP Solutions at Vector ........................................................................107
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