Mth-power-law method to compensate laser linewidth of 100 Gb/s PDM-CO-OFDM systems

Laser linewidth is the important determinant of applying coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) in optical transmission systems. The laser linewidth impairments in 100-Gb/s polarization division multiplexing CO-OFDM (PDM-CO-OFDM) system without optical dispersion compensation are compensated by the phase drift compensator (PDC) based onMth-power-law method located at the receiver. PDC is more effective to compensate the phase drift due to laser linewidth. Simulatin

Two-stage adaptive PMD compensation experiment for 10-Gb/s optical communication system

We report the adaptive compensation experiment of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) for 10-Gb/s non return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) optical communication systems using a two-stage PMD compensator and the monitoring technique based on degree of polarization (DOP) feedback-signals. The DOP monitor has its advantages of bit-rate independent and modulation format independent. The twostage compensator has the capacity of compensation for the first- and second-order PMD. The compensated

8*10-Gb/s transmission system over 1500 km on G.652 fiber dispersion compensated by chirped fiber gratings

A low cost 8*10-Gb/s transmission system over 1500 km on conventional fiber using chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) as dispersion compensator is demonstrated. The bit error rate (BER) below 10^(-10) at 1500 km is obtained. The channel spacing is 0.8 nm and the optical amplifier spacing is 100 km. Only 16 erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are used.

Dynamic PMD compensation in 40-Gb/s optical communication system

A 40-Gb/s optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) return-to-zero (RZ) transmission experiments including a dynamic polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation was reported. The dynamic PMD compensator is made up of two-stage four degrees of freedom (DOF). The first stage adopts polarization controller and fixed time-delayed line. The second stage is variable differential group delay (DGD) element. The PMD monitoring technique is based on degree of polarization (DOP) as error signal. A nove

Temperature independent 80 Gb/s transmission system using spectral phase modulation-based TDC

A temperature independent 80-Gb/s 100-km transmission system is demonstrated with the use of spectral phase modulation-based tunable dispersion compensator (TDC). The principle of dispersion compensation based on spectral phase modulation as well as the relationship between spectral phase modulation function and group velocity dispersion (GVD) are theoretically studied. TDC based on spectral phase modulation is implemented. The performance of 80-Gb/s transmission system is experimentally evaluat

Compensating large PMD by a fiber grating

In this paper, the first- and second-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) with the amount of 132.994-ps differential group-delay (DGD) and maximum 476.129-ps/nm second-order PMD can be compensated by a two-stages PMD compensator at a 40-Gb/s optical fiber communication system. The first stage has one free degree that is used for first order and high orders PMD compensations by rotating the state of polarization. The second-stage is used for remainder PMD compensations. After compensation, th

On the design of compensator for quantization-caused input-output deviation

This paper considers the design of compensators for systems with quantized inputs in order to reduce the influence of quantization. For systems with (vector) relative degrees, we propose a kind of compensators which can compensate for the accumulated output deviation completely caused by quantization. The proposed compensators are capable of keeping the differences of the input-output responses between the systems with quantized inputs and the original systems without considering quantization wi

Design and development of friction compensator algorithm for one link robot

Design and development of friction compensator algorithm for one link robot

监控系统最全的CAD图块

CAD监控行业最全的图块为大家使用方便共享出来. 编号 图形符号 名 称 英 文 说 明 3.10 电视监控设备 TV-surveillance/control equipment 3.10.1 标准镜头 standard lens 虚线代表摄像机体 3.10.2 广角镜头 pantoscope lens 3.10.3 自动光圈镜头 anto iris lens 3.10.4 自动光圈电动聚焦镜头 auto iris lens,motorized focus 3.10.5 三可变镜头 motorized zoom lens motorized iris 3.10.6 黑白摄像机 B/W camera 带标准镜头的黑白摄像机 3.10.7 彩色摄像机 color camera 带自动光圈镜头的彩色摄像机 3.10.8 微光摄像机 star light level camera 自动光圈，微光摄像机 3.10.9 室外防护罩 outdoor housing 3.10.10 室内防护罩 indoor housing 3.10.11 时滞录像机 time lapse video tape recorder 3.10.12 录像机 video tape recorder 普通录像机，彩色录像机通用符号 3.10.13 监视器(黑白) B/W display monitor 3.10.14 彩色监视器 color monitor 3.10.15 视频移动报警器 video motion detector 3.10.16 视频顺序切换器 sequential video switch X代表几路输入 Y代表几路输出 3.10.17 视频补偿器 video compensator 3.10.18 时间信号发生器 time & date generator 3.10.19 视频分配器 video amplifier distributor X代表输入 Y代表几路输出 3.10.20 云台 pan/tilt unit 3.10.21 云台、镜头控制器 pan and lens control unit 3.10.22 图像分割器 video splitter X代表画面数 3.10.23 光、电信号转换器 引用GB/T 4728.10-1999 3.10.24 电、光信号转换器 引用GB/T 4728.10-1999 3.10.25 云台、镜头解码器 decoder 3.10.26 矩阵控制器 matrix Ai—报警输入 AO—报警输出 C—视频输入 P—云台镜头控制 K—键盘控制 M—视频输出 3.10.27 数字监控主机 VGA—电脑显示器(主输出) M—分控输出、监视器 K—鼠标、键盘，其余同上含

Application of a Three-level NPC Inverter as a Three-Phase Four-Wire Power Quality Compensator by Generalized 3DSVM.pdf

Application of a Three-level NPC Inverter as a Three-Phase Four-Wire Power Quality Compensator by Generalized 3DSVM.pdf

Optimum Position of Polarizer-Based Compensator for Enhanced Tolerance to Polarization Mode Dispersion

We show through numerical simulation that the performance of two types of polarization-mode dispersion polarizer-based compensation techniques may be improved by optimizing the position of the compensator along the transmission line.

Observers in Control Systems

Observers in Control Systems - A Practical Guide<br><br>Observers in Control Systems ?..........................................<br>Acknowledgments xi..............................................................<br>Safety xiii..................................................................................<br>1 Control Systems and the Role of Observers 1................<br>1.1 Overview 1...................................................................................<br>1.2 Preview of Observers 2...............................................................<br>1.3 Summary of the Book 4...............................................................<br>2 Control-System Background 5..........................................<br>2.1 Control-System Structures 5.......................................................<br>2.2 Goals of Control Systems 13.........................................................<br>2.3 Visual ModelQ Simulation Environment 17...................................<br>2.4 Software Experiments: Introduction to Visual ModelQ 18.............<br>2.5 Exercises 39..................................................................................<br>3 Review of the Frequency Domain 41..................................<br>3.1 Overview of the s-Domain 41........................................................<br>3.2 Overview of the z-Domain 54........................................................<br>3.3 The Open-Loop Method 59...........................................................<br>3.4 A Zone-Based Tuning Procedure 62.............................................<br>3.5 Exercises 66..................................................................................<br>4 The Luenberger Observer: Correcting Sensor<br>Problems 67.............................................................................<br>4.1 What Is a Luenberger Observer? 67.............................................<br>4.2 Experiments 4A-4C: Enhancing Stability with an Observer 72......<br>4.3 Predictor-Corrector Form of the Luenberger Observer............<br><br>4.4 Filter Form of the Luenberger Observer 78...................................<br>4.5 Designing a Luenberger Observer 82...........................................<br>4.6 Introduction to Tuning an Observer Compensator 90...................<br>4.7 Exercises 95..................................................................................<br>5 The Luenberger Observer and Model Inaccuracy 97........<br>5.1 Model Inaccuracy 97.....................................................................<br>5.2 Effects of Model Inaccuracy 100.....................................................<br>5.3 Experimental Evaluation 102...........................................................<br>5.4 Exercises 114..................................................................................<br>6 The Luenberger Observer and Disturbances 115...............<br>6.1 Disturbances 115.............................................................................<br>6.2 Disturbance Response 123.............................................................<br>6.3 Disturbance Decoupling 129...........................................................<br>6.4 Exercises 138..................................................................................<br>7 Noise in the Luenberger Observer 141................................<br>7.1 Noise in Control Systems 141.........................................................<br>7.2 Sensor Noise and the Luenberger Observer 145............................<br>7.3 Noise Sensitivity when Using Disturbance Decoupling 156............<br>7.4 Reducing Noise Susceptibility in Observer-Based Systems 161....<br>7.5 Exercises 170..................................................................................<br>8 Using the Luenberger Observer in Motion Control 173......<br>8.1 The Luenberger Observers in Motion Systems 173........................<br>8.2 Observing Velocity to Reduce Phase Lag 185................................<br>8.3 Using Observers to Improve Disturbance Response...............<br><br>8.4 Exercises 212..................................................................................<br>References 213..........................................................................<br>A Observer-Based Resolver Conversion in Industrial<br>Servo Systems1 217.................................................................<br>B Cures for Mechanical Resonance in Industrial<br>Servo Systems1 227.................................................................<br>Introduction 227.....................................................................................<br>Two-Part Transfer Function 228............................................................<br>Low-Frequency Resonance 229............................................................<br>Velocity Control Law 230.......................................................................<br>Methods of Correction Applied to Low-Frequency Resonance 231......<br>Conclusion 235......................................................................................<br>Acknowledgments 235..........................................................................<br>References 235.....................................................................................<br>C European Symbols for Block Diagrams 237.......................<br>Part I: Linear Functions 237..................................................................<br>Part II: Nonlinear Functions 238............................................................<br>D Development of the Bilinear Transformation 241...............<br>Bilinear Transformation 241..................................................................<br>Prewarping 242.....................................................................................<br>Factoring Polynomials 243....................................................................<br>Phase Advancing 243............................................................................<br>Solutions to Exercises 245.......................................................<br>Chapter 2........................................................................................<br><br>Chapter 3 245........................................................................................<br>Chapter 4 246........................................................................................<br>Chapter 5 246........................................................................................<br>Chapter 6 247........................................................................................<br>Chapter 7 248........................................................................................<br>Chapter 8 249........................................................................................<br>Index 251....................................................................................

Analysis of dispersion compensation for position-dependence in externally modulated CATV lightwave systems by using chirped fiber grating

The dispersion compensation characteristics of the chirped fiber grating (CFG) for different dispersion compensation positions are analyzed in externally modulated cable television (CATV) lightwave system and the analytic expression of the composite second order (CSO) distortion is derived. The analyses give a reasonable explanation for the position-dependent effect of CFG dispersion compensator, which was found in practical systems. Moreover, the theoretical result is also verified by an experi

Performance comparison between sampling methods using DOP as feedback signal for higher-order PMD compensator

We numerically analyzed the performance of the two polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) compensation methods of the single degree of polarization (DOP) sampling and DOP ellipsoid sampling methods. The numerical results show that the single DOP sampling method can generate the maximum DOP, and may result in a small overall differential group delay (DGD) or the principal state of polarization (PSP) launching. By the PSP launching, just the first-order PMD is compensated while second-order PMD not. W

observer-based compensator subject NCS

应用与网络化控制系统的一种具有补偿作用的状态观测器。

Single-period Multi-Phase-Shifted Fiber Bragg Grating as Dispersion Compensator

We theoretically demonstrate that a properly designed single-period multi-phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating can be used as a dispersion compensator. An overlap-step-scan exposure method for this new device is investigated and a tolerance analysis is given.

Compensating Large PMD by Four Free degrees in an OTDM System

In this paper, by introducing a two-stages polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensator after a optical fiber link with a large PMD, we compensated over 270ps first-order and 2000ps2 high-order PMD in a optical fiber link with super high PMD. Our experimental results shows that, the compensators based on the two-stages of compensator can be used to PMD compensation in a 20Gb/s OTDM system with 60 km high PMD fiber. Before compensation, 270ps DGD is became into max. 7ps after compensation. At s

Effect of temperature on three-in-one composite compensator

In order to reduce the error caused by the change of temperature, the relation between three-in-one composite compensator's phase retardation and temperature is calculated according to the characteristic of multiple-order quartz wave-plate. The results show that the influence on phase retardation increases with the increase of temperature and order of wave-plate. The phase retardation and the angle that the second wave-plate rotates are in a linear relationship in certain ranges. However, there