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安腾2处理器是英特尔64位服务器和工作站处理器家族的第二代产品。安腾是英特尔公司面向企业级应用处理器的名字,它将英特尔架构的卓越性能和规模经济的优势带到了数据密集型、企业关键的技术计算应用之中。安腾处理器家族是专为高端企业和高性能应用设计的,能为业务智能、数据库、企业资源规划、供应链管理、高性能计算、计算机辅助工程和安全交易提供领先的性能。基于安腾2的服务器的性能两倍于基于安腾的系统,较同等的Sun系统费用低但处理性能提高50%。由于安腾2处理器具有出色的可扩展性和巨大的增长空间,许多OEM厂商计划于今年底到2003年期间大规模交付有8至64个或更多基于安腾2处理器的系统。
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Intel
®
Itanium
®
Processor Family
Interrupt Architecture Guide
March 2003
Document Number: 251350-001
ii Intel
®
Itanium
®
Processor Family Interrupt Architecture Guide
THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OTHERWISE ARISING OUT OF ANY PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION OR
SAMPLE.
INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL
®
PRODUCTS. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL’S TERMS
AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED WARRANTY RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS, INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT, OR OTHER
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications. Intel may make
changes to specifications, product descriptions, and plans at any time, without notice.
Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked “reserved” or “undefined.” Intel reserves these for
future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them.
The Itanium architecture and IA-32 architecture processors may contain design defects or errors known as errata, which may cause the product to
deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available upon request.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an order number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be obtained by calling1-800-548-
4725, or by visiting Intel's web site at http://www.intel.com.
Intel, Itanium, and Pentium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
Copyright © 2003, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
Intel
®
Itanium
®
Processor Family Interrupt Architecture Guide iii
Contents
1 Introduction......................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 About this Manual...............................................................................................1-1
1.2 Reference Documents........................................................................................1-1
1.3 Objectives of SAPIC...........................................................................................1-1
1.4 Terminology........................................................................................................1-2
1.4.1 Glossary ................................................................................................1-3
1.5 Revision History .................................................................................................1-5
2 SAPIC Interrupt Architecture...........................................................................................2-1
2.1 Platform Interrupt Architecture ...........................................................................2-1
2.2 Intel
®
Itanium
®
Architecture Interrupt Delivery Overview...................................2-2
2.2.1 I/O Interrupts from Remote I/O xAPIC...................................................2-2
2.2.2 Processor Local Interrupts (ITV, CMC, Performance Monitor)..............2-2
2.2.3 Interprocessor Interrupts .......................................................................2-3
2.3 Software Model ..................................................................................................2-3
2.3.1 Local SAPIC..........................................................................................2-3
2.3.2 I/O xAPIC ..............................................................................................2-6
2.3.3 Interprocessor Interrupts .....................................................................2-10
2.4 Interrupt and Processor Priorities.....................................................................2-10
2.4.1 Batch Processing of Interrupts ............................................................2-11
2.4.2 Redirectable Interrupt Delivery............................................................2-12
2.4.3 Interrupt Nesting..................................................................................2-13
2.4.4 Interrupt Masking.................................................................................2-14
2.5 Interrupt Handling.............................................................................................2-15
2.5.1 Edge-Triggered Interrupts ...................................................................2-15
2.5.2 Level-Triggered Interrupts ...................................................................2-15
2.5.3 Greater than 240 Devices ...................................................................2-18
2.5.4 NMI Handling.......................................................................................2-19
2.5.5 ExtINT Handling ..................................................................................2-19
2.5.6 Timer Interrupt Handling......................................................................2-19
2.5.7 PMI Handling.......................................................................................2-19
2.6 8259 Interrupt Controller Support (Optional)....................................................2-19
2.7 SAPIC Memory Map.........................................................................................2-20
2.7.1 Processor Interrupt Block ....................................................................2-21
2.7.2 I/O xAPIC Configuration Space...........................................................2-23
3 Platform Level Implementation........................................................................................3-1
3.1 Platform Interrupt Delivery Overview..................................................................3-1
3.2 External I/O Interrupt Delivery............................................................................3-1
3.2.1 I/O xAPIC Duties ...................................................................................3-1
3.2.2 Interrupt Transaction on the I/O Bus .....................................................3-1
3.2.3 Bridge Controller Duties ........................................................................3-2
3.2.4 Interrupt Transactions on the System Bus ............................................3-3
3.3 IPI Delivery.........................................................................................................3-3
3.4 Ordering Issues..................................................................................................3-3
3.5 Platform Topology and Routing Issues ..............................................................3-3
iv Intel
®
Itanium
®
Processor Family Interrupt Architecture Guide
A Differences from APIC ................................................................................................... A-1
A.1 Addressing ........................................................................................................ A-1
A.2 Interrupts ........................................................................................................... A-1
A.3 Interrupt Delivery............................................................................................... A-1
A.4 Messages.......................................................................................................... A-2
A.5 Processor Support ............................................................................................ A-2
A.6 Registers........................................................................................................... A-2
A.7 Support Disabling.............................................................................................. A-3
Figures
2-1 Sample Implementation of an Intel
®
Itanium
®
Architecture-Based
Multiprocessor Platform .....................................................................................2-1
2-2 Local Vector Registers (CMC Vector, ITV, PMV)...............................................2-4
2-3 Local Redirection Register .................................................................................2-4
2-4 I/O xAPIC Redirection Table Entry Definition.....................................................2-8
2-5 I/O SAPIC Version Register ...............................................................................2-9
2-6 Expanded View of the Medium Extended Memory Range...............................2-20
2-7 Default Processor Interrupt Block ....................................................................2-21
2-8 XTP Register Format .......................................................................................2-21
2-9 Format of Address to Generate IPIs ................................................................2-22
2-10 Format of IPI Data Being Stored ......................................................................2-22
3-1 Format of Interrupt Address on I/O Bus .............................................................3-2
3-2 Format of Interrupt Data on I/O Bus...................................................................3-2
Tables
2-1 Interrupt Control Registers (Subset) ..................................................................2-4
2-2 External and Internal Register Description.........................................................2-6
Intel
®
Itanium
®
Processor Family Interrupt Architecture Guide 1-1
Introduction 1
1.1 About this Manual
This document is a guide for the Intel
®
Itanium
®
architecture Streamlined Advanced
Programmable Interrupt Controller (SAPIC). SAPIC is the high performance interrupt architecture
for the Itanium architecture.
This guide describes the Itanium architecture SAPIC and platform level implementation
considerations. In order for the SAPIC architecture to be used effectively in a platform, the user
must be aware of some considerations for hardware and software design. This guide provides many
of those important design considerations. Failure to follow the guidelines established in this guide
may result in incompatibilities with future Intel products.
This document is intended for platform hardware architects (both component and platform) as well
as platform software architects (operating system [OS] and platform firmware). For the benefit of
those who are already familiar with the Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC)
architecture, this document describes some of the differences when programming in the Itanium
architecture system environment.
1.2 Reference Documents
For implementation details, refer to the documents listed below. These documents can be
downloaded on Intel’s Developer Site at http://developer.intel.com:
• Intel
®
Itanium™ Processor Hardware Developer’s Manual (Document Number: 248701)
• Intel
®
Itanium
®
2 Processor Hardware Developer’s Manual (Document Number: 251109)
• Intel
®
Itanium
®
Architecture Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1: Application
Architecture (Document Number: 245317)
• Intel
®
Itanium
®
Architecture Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 2: System Architecture
(Document Number: 245318)
• Intel
®
Itanium
®
Architecture Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3: Instruction Set
Reference (Document Number: 245319)
The following documents are available from their respective organizations:
• Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification v2.0 (available at www.acpi.info)
• PCI Bus Specification v2.2 (available at www.pcisig.com)
1.3 Objectives of SAPIC
When the Itanium architecture was being developed, it was determined that a new interrupt
architecture would be necessary to match the performance and scalability goals of the new
processor and platform architectures. The goal was to streamline the APIC used with the IA-32
Architecture processors for the Itanium Architecture.
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