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Sensors 2012, 12, 12377-12385; doi:10.3390/s120912377
sensors
ISSN 1424-8220
www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors
Article
Spatial Frequency Multiplexing of Fiber-Optic
Interferometric Refractive Index Sensors Based on
Graded-Index Multimode Fibers
Li Liu
1
, Yuan Gong
1,2,
*, Yu Wu
1
, Tian Zhao
1
, Hui-Juan Wu
1
and Yun-Jiang Rao
1
1
Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing & Communications (Education Ministry of China),
University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China;
E-Mails: aya0626@163.com (L.L.); wuyuzju08@gmail.com (Y.W.); junya1987@163.com (T.Z.);
hjwu@uestc.edu.cn (H.-J.W.); yjrao@uestc.edu.cn (Y.-J.R.)
2
State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an Institute of Optics and
Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, China
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ofsgon@gmail.com;
Tel.: +86-28-6183-0278; Fax: +86-28-6183-0263.
Received: 30 July 2012; in revised form: 4 September 2012 / Accepted: 4 September 2012 /
Published: 12 September 2012
Abstract: Fiber-optic interferometric sensors based on graded-index multimode fibers
have very high refractive-index sensitivity, as we previously demonstrated. In this paper,
spatial-frequency multiplexing of this type of fiber-optic refractive index sensors is
investigated. It is estimated that multiplexing of more than 10 such sensors is possible. In
the multiplexing scheme, one of the sensors is used to investigate the refractive index and
temperature responses. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the combined reflective spectra
is analyzed. The intensity of the FFT spectra is linearly related with the refractive index
and is not sensitive to the temperature.
Keywords: fiber-optic sensors; graded-index multimode fiber (GI-MMF); Fabry-Perot
sensor; refractive index sensor; spatial frequency multiplexing
1. Introduction
The refractive index (RI) is a key parameter to evaluate the characteristics of a variety of
biochemical species. Via precise refractive index measurement, other properties such as liquid
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