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Physics Letters B 735 (2014) 186–190

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Physics Letters B

www.elsevier.com/locate/physletb

TeV scale seesaw from supersymmetric Higgs-lepton inﬂation

and BICEP2

Shinsuke Kawai

a,∗

, Nobuchika Okada

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history:

Received

16 May 2014

Accepted

13 June 2014

Available

online 18 June 2014

Editor:

J. Hisano

Keywords:

Supergravity

Right-handed

neutrinos

Inﬂation

Cosmic

microwave background

We discuss the physics resulting from the supersymmetric Higgs-lepton inﬂation model and the recent

CMB B-mode observation by the BICEP2 experiment. The tensor-to-scalar ratio r = 0.20

+0.07

−0.05

of the

primordial ﬂuctuations indicated by the CMB B-mode polarization is consistent with the prediction of

this inﬂationary model for natural parameter values. A salient feature of the model is that it predicts

the seesaw mass scale M from the amplitude of the tensor mode ﬂuctuations. It is found that the

68% (95%) conﬁdence level (CL) constraints from the BICEP2 experiment give 927 GeV < M < 1.62 TeV

(751 GeV

< M < 2.37 TeV) for 50 e-foldings and 391 GeV < M < 795 GeV (355 GeV < M < 1.10 TeV)

for 60 e-foldings. In the type I seesaw case, the right-handed neutrinos in this mass range are elusive

in collider experiments due to the small mixing angle. In the type III seesaw, in contrast, the heavy

leptons will be within the reach of future experiments. We point out that a signiﬁcant portion of the

parameter region corresponding to the 68% CL of the BICEP2 experiment will be covered by the Large

Hadron Collider experiments at 14 TeV.

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Funded by SCOAP

1. Introduction

The discovery of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)

B-mode polarization by the BICEP2 experiment [1] is truly re-

markable

as the existence of the tensor mode in the primordial

ﬂuctuations provides a direct evidence for inﬂation in the early

Universe.

It has a signiﬁcant impact on inﬂation model building.

In the past decade models producing small tensor mode ﬂuctu-

ations

were considered favourable since, for example, the Planck

data in 2013 [2] constrained the tensor-to-scalar ratio r < 0.11 at

95% conﬁdence level (CL). The models of inﬂation producing such

small r include the Higgs inﬂation model [3,4], supersymmetric

Higgs inﬂation-type models [5–9], the hill-top inﬂation model [10],

and the R

inﬂation model [11]. Among these, the Higgs inﬂation

model is a particularly simple and concrete particle physics real-

ization

of inﬂation that also provides predictions in low-energy

particle physics. These models are in tension with the ﬁnding of

Corresponding author.

E-mail

addresses: kawai@skku.edu (S. Kawai), okadan@ua.edu (N. Okada).

The BICEP2 experiment uses 150 GHz single wavelength bolometers. In order

to conclude that the gravitational waves causing the polarization are undeniably of

inﬂationary origin, the results need to be conﬁrmed also at other wavelengths.

the BICEP2 experiment. See Refs. [12–14] for the updated status of

various models.

the present paper we point out that the prediction of the in-

ﬂationary

scenario which we call the Higgs-lepton inﬂation (HLI)

[15,16] ﬁts extremely well with the new data for natural choice

of parameters. The HLI scenario is realized in the supersymmetric

seesaw model, which is the simplest extension of the minimal su-

persymmetric

Standard Model (MSSM) to include the right-handed

neutrinos. The model incorporates the type I [17] or type III see-

saw

mechanism [18] by which the small nonzero neutrino masses

that are evidenced by the neutrino oscillations are naturally ex-

plained.

It also includes possibility for generating baryon asym-

metry

through leptogenesis or the Aﬄeck–Dine mechanism. As a

feature of the model, HLI directly associates the spectrum of the

CMB with the mass scale of the right-handed neutrinos. We will

see that the new data from the BICEP2 experiments constrains this

mass scale to be between a few hundred GeV and a few TeV. These

constraints are potentially useful since the right-handed (s)neutri-

nos

may also be searched in colliders.

2. Higgs-lepton inﬂation in the supersymmetric seesaw model

The HLI model [15,16] is an “all-in” phenomenological model

of inﬂation that includes the seesaw mechanism [17], the origin of

the baryon asymmetry, the origin of the dark matter, as well as

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.06.042

0370-2693/

SCOAP

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