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Silver nanorods absorber for passively Q-switched Nd,Gd:CaF2 las...
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Using a novel silver nanorods absorber with a localized surface plasmon resonance absorption peak at 1.06 μm, we obtain a diode-pumped passively Q-switched (PQS) Nd,Gd:CaF2 disordered crystal laser output. Its PQS pulse laser performances are studied comprehensively and systematically in this Letter. The single pulse energy and peak power can be attained to 2.15 μJ and 2.06 W, respectively.
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Silver nanorods absorber for passively Q-switched
Nd,Gd:CaF
2
laser
Yongjing Wu (吴永静)
1
, Siyuan Pang (逄思远)
3,4
, Yuqian Zu (祖玉倩)
1
,
Qianqian Peng (彭倩倩)
1
, Jimin Yang (杨济民)
1
, Jie Liu (刘 杰)
1,2,
*,
and Liangbi Su (苏良碧)
3,4
1
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics,
Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
2
Institute of Data Science and Technology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
3
Synthetic Single Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Shanghai 201800, China
4
Key Laboratory of Transparent and Opto-functional Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
*Corresponding author: jieliu@sdnu.edu.cn
Received July 17, 2017; accepted September 4, 2017; posted online December 26, 2017
Using a novel silver nanorods absorber with a localized surface plasmon resonance absorption peak at 1.06 μm,
we obtain a diode-pumped passively Q-switched (PQS) Nd,Gd:CaF
2
disordered crystal laser output. Its PQS
pulse laser performances are studied comprehensively and systematically in this Letter. The single pulse energy
and peak power can be attained to 2.15 μJ and 2.06 W, respectively.
OCIS codes: 140.0140, 140.3380, 140.3480, 140.3540, 160.4236.
doi: 10.3788/COL201816.020015.
Passively Q-switched (PQS) solid-state lasers at 1.06 μm
have a wide range of application prospects in scientific
research, medical treatment, and even laser cosmetology
due to their high photon energy, wide absorption
bandwidth, and easy thermal management
[1]
.Two
key factors affect the PQS laser performances, laser mate-
rials, and saturable absorbers (SAs). On the one hand,
the progress of materials used as SAs has promoted the
advancement of pulse lasers. Very recently, when the
research boom of two-dimensional materials such as gra-
phene
[2–5]
, transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS
2
,WS
2
,
etc.)
[6,7]
, topological insulators (Bi
2
Se
3
,Bi
2
Te
3
, etc.),
and black phosphorus (BP) has not yet subsided, metal
nanomaterials, one of them, have attracted increasing
attention due to their interesting optical properties and
application prospects
[8–23]
. This is because noble metal
nanoparticles dispersed in dielectric media exhibit ultra-
fast nonlinear optical responses around localized surface
plasmon resonance (LSPR), resulting in potential applica-
tions in SAs
[8–10]
. Most importantly, the LSPR peak is var-
iable by controlling aspects of the nanomaterials
[9–13,15,18–21,23]
.
Moreover, the large third-order nonlinear and fast
response time as a time scale of few picoseconds are
also excellent nonnegligible optical properties of metal
nanomaterials
[13–15,21–23]
.
Silver nanorod s (SNRs), a component of these typical
metal nanomaterials, have also played a significant role
in photonic device applications, especially as a wideband
SA for versatile pulsed lasers
[15–17]
. A large third-order op-
tical nonlinearity (χ
ð3Þ
≈ 10
−10
esu) of silver nanoparticles
dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol/tetraethyl orthosilicate
matrix has been obtained using a single-beam Z scan
technique
[14]
. Moreover, in a PQS erbium-doped fiber laser,
2.4 μs pulses were generated containing silver nanopar-
ticle-based SAs
[16]
. These results indicate the potential
and advantages of SNRs as SAs. But at present the appli-
cation of silver nanomaterials in all solid-state lasers is still
relatively rare.
On the other hand, laser materials, as the core and foun-
dation of the development of laser technology, have had a
landmark effect on the development of solid-state lasers
[24]
.
Compared with other laser materials, alkaline earth AeF
2
fluoride crystals (Ae: Ca
2þ
,Sr
2þ
,Ba
2þ
, etc.), with the
unique advantages of low refractive index and thermal
lens effect, spontaneous long fluorescence lifetime, and
good thermal stability, have special value applications
in the field of solid lasers. Particularly, the AeF
2
− LnF
3
−
NdF
3
(Ln: Y
3þ
,Lu
3þ
,La
3þ
,Gd
3þ
) disordered crystals
have excellent laser outputs
[19,25–34]
. The addition of
non-optically active ions (Y
3þ
,Lu
3þ
,La
3þ
,Gd
3þ
) could
effectively relieve the pernicious concentration of
quenching, and significantly improve their absorption,
emission, fluorescence lifetime properties, and their laser
performance
[26,27]
. Doualan, et al. obtained the efficient
continuous-wave (CW) laser operation of Nd,Y:CaF
2
,
and Nd,Lu:CaF
2
crystals, and they demonstrated that
co-doping Nd:CaF
2
single crystals with Y
3þ
and Lu
3þ
buffer ions significantly improved their characteristics
and their laser performance
[26]
. Then, Qian et al. increased
the Nd,Y:CaF
2
CW laser maximum output power to
901 mW
[28]
. In recent years, extensive researchs on
mode-locking lasers based on Nd
3þ
-doped CaF
2
crystals
COL 16(2), 020015(2018) CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS February 10, 2018
1671-7694/2018/020015(5) 020015-1 © 2018 Chinese Optics Letters
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