第
41
卷第
5
期
2011
年
09
月
吉林大学学报(地球科学版)
J ournal
of
J ilin U niversity( Earth Science Edition)
基于数值模拟的长白山天池
火山泥石流灾害展布范围分析及预
万
园,许建东,林旭东,潘
波
中国地震局地质研究所,北京
100029
Vo
l.
41
No.5
Sep.
2011
摘要:利用模拟软件
LAHARZ
,基于长白山天池火山
1/25
万数字地形图,对二道白河、松花江、鸭绿
江以及图们江
4
条泥石流易发河道进行了火山泥石流的数位模拟。模拟中依据历史喷发柱高度和地形平
均坡度设定能量锥最佳
l
凋值为
O.
07;
通过实际河流与计算所得河流的对比匹配,设定河流最佳
l
司值为
5
000;
根据历史上长白山地区火山泥石流的爆发规模.设定了
10
8
m
3
, 10' m
3
,
10
10
m'
和
10
11
m
3
4
个体积
l
到值。通过模拟计算发现,不同河道设定不同阅位流动影响范围有所不同,其灾害规模也相应变化,且模
拟所得灾害分布范围与长白山地区的历史火山泥石流分布范围相似。依据模拟计算结果,将长白山火山
泥石流灾害区划为
4
级,其对应的覆盖半径分别约为
40
km
,
70
km
,
80
km
和
100
km
,该结果可为长白山
地区的建设规划提供参考。另外,该模型与灾害区划的方法也可为其它火山区的火山泥石流灾害区划提
供借鉴。
关键词:长白山;数值模拟;火山泥石流
;LAHARZ;
能量锥
中图分类号
:P642.23
文献标志码
:A
文章编号
:1671
- 5888(2011)05
-1638
-
08
Analysis to
the
Lahars
Extent
in
Changbai
Mountains
by Numerical Simulation
W
AN
Y
uan
, XU J
ian-dong
,
LIN
X
u-dong
, P
AN
Bo
Institute
of
Geology
,
China
Earthquake
Adrninistrati
ο n
,
Beijing
100029
,
China
Abstract:
The
core
model
of
LAHARZ
is
a
semi-empirical
numerical
model
based
on
the
hydrodynamics
model
and
combination
with
the
analysis
on
the
lahars
of
nine
volcanoes.
The
lahars
in
four
high
easy-happening
rivers
,
Erdaobai
River
,
Songhua
River
,
Yalu
River
and
Tumen
River
,
are
simulated
by
the
LAHARZ
based
on
the
1 :
250000
digital
elevation
mode
l.
The
threshold
of
the
energy
cone
is
set
to
O.
07
according
to
historical
plume
height
and
the
average
slope.
By
comparing
and
matching
the
simulated
river
with
the
real
river
,
the
river
threshold
value
is
determined
to
be
5
000.
And
the
volume
thresholds
are
defined
as
10
8
m
3
,
10
9
m
3
,
10
10
m
3
,
and
10
11
m
3
by
their
historical
lahar
volumes.
The
simulated
results
show
that
the
flow
distance
and
the
damage
scale
were
influenced
by
the
different
thresholds
,
which
is
similar
with
the
historical
lahars'
extent.
The
damage
grades
are
divided
into
four
levels
as
40
km
, 70
km
, 80
km
and
100
km.
It
is
important
for
the
planning
and
construction
in
the
Changbai
Mountain
area.
In
addition.
this
disaster
zoning
model
and
method
can
be
used
to
be
the
reference
of
other
volcanoes.
Key
words:
Changbai
Mountains;
numerical
simulation;
lahar;
LAHARZ;
energy
cone
收稿日期
:2010
一
10
←
11
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目
(40972209);
中国地震局行业专项项目
(200708
- 2
7)
作者简介:万园
0980
-),女,山西阳泉人,博士研究生,主要从事火山泥石流灾害研究工作,
E-mail: wanyuan_1980@
163.
com
o