Terahertz Science and Technology, ISSN 1941-7411 Vol.7, No.3, September 2014
139
Investigation of a 0.2-THz magnetron using 3D particle simulation
Jiandong Lang
*
, Xiang Li, Yasir Alfadhl and Xiaodong Chen
School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London
London, UK, E1 4NS.
*
Email: j.lang@qmul.ac.uk
(Received May 31, 2014)
Abstract: The results of a 3D particle simulation of a 0.2-THz cold cathode magnetron are presented. It is operated at
first order backward spatial harmonic of a π/2-1 mode. The saturated output power is calculated as 2.8 kW with 13.6 kV
anode voltage and 0.944 T magnetic field.
Keywords: Magnetron, THz oscillator, High power, Vacuum tubes.
doi: 10.11906/TST.139-144.2014.09.11
I. Introduction
Magnetrons, the earliest member of the vacuum tube family of devices, are rarely reported in
THz band for the following reasons [1]. Firstly, the cavity dimensions are proportional to the
wavelength, so the anode cavity and the mode separation straps are difficult to fabricate in THz
band. Secondly, the back-bombarding current in this small cavity is so intense that the life time of
the traditional thermal cathode becomes too short for practical applications.
Spatial harmonic magnetrons (SHMs), which were first proposed in 1956, offer a possible
solution to the issues associated with strapped cavity [2]. They use either the first order backward
spatial harmonic of the π/2 mode or a neighboring mode. This method of operation allows the
SHMs to be operated with lower voltage and lower magnetic field. And they also exhibit good
mode separation without the need for anode straps.
To tackle the issue of cathode life time, recently cold cathodes have been used to replace the
traditional thermal cathode. These cathodes use the back- bombardment to generate the necessary
space charge for the magnetron to operate. Indeed, an auxiliary cathode is required to generate the
primary current, as shown in Figure 1. Cold cathode has extended the magnetron life time
sufficiently for practical applications [3].
The aim of this work is to characterize the operation of a 0.2 THz SHM with cold cathode
operating at the first backward space harmonic of π/2-1 mode, using CST Particle Studio. A
comparison of a SHM and a conventional magnetron (CM) is given in Table 1.
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