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devices.txt

LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)

Maintained by Alan Cox <device@lanana.org>

Last revised: 6th April 2009

This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated

device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating

system.

The latest version of this list is available from

http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or

ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. This version may be

newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.

The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.

This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy

Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.

Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga

platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on

the Atari platform only.

The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for

removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these

allocations have already been removed.

This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,

that semantically altered versions are not distributed without

permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without

an unreasonable effort.

In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at

least not without contacting me first.

I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears

on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without

reply.

**** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****

To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations

where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the

appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional

information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have

made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.

I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.

This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and

correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* send it to the

correct address... <device@lanana.org>. I receive hundreds of email

messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost

in the avalanche. Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find

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devices.txt

your mail again should I need to. Too many people send me email

saying just "device number request" in the subject.

Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format

as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have

found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your

device and avoid conflicts.

Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is

up to date. Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it

in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that

haven't been listed yet.

Fourth, remember that Linux now has extensive support for dynamic allocation

of device numbering and can use sysfs and udev to handle the naming needs.

There are still some exceptions in the serial and boot device area. Before

asking for a device number make sure you actually need one.

Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be

offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound

to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a

situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward

change. Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your

device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point

where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.

Your cooperation is appreciated.

0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)

0 = reserved as null device number

See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.

1 char Memory devices

1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access

2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access

3 = /dev/null Null device

4 = /dev/port I/O port access

5 = /dev/zero Null byte source

6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore

7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write

8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.

9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.

10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface

11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's

12 = /dev/oldmem Used by crashdump kernels to access

the memory of the kernel that crashed.

1 block RAM disk

0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk

1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk

...

250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk

Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.

/dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded

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by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for

the initrd.

2 char Pseudo-TTY masters

0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master

1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master

...

255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master

Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:

* Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";

* the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating

the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and

* the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating

the position within the series.

These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98

devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY

master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on

demand.

2 block Floppy disks

0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect

1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect

2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect

3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect

128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect

129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect

130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect

131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect

To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:

0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format

4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)

20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)

48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive

64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive

24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive

80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)

8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)

40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)

56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive

72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive

92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)

12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)

16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)

120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)

52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density

68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density

84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)

88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)

28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)

124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)

44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)

60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density

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