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胡志元__Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical Structure2
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Generating Chinese Ci with Designated MetricalRichong Zhang1, Xinyu Liu2, Xinwei
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Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical
Structure
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada
November 15, 2018
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 1 / 33
Deep neural nets are reshaping the landscape of NLP and have been
applied successfully in natural language generation:
dialogue generation
document summarization
machine translation
...
This work: automatic generation of Ci, an ancient Chinese poetry
Fact
Ci is an ancient Chines poetry form with highly restricted metrical rules.
The metrical rules that a Ci must follow are specified by a Cipai. A Cipai
specifies (at least) three kinds of rules:
a rhythmic rule
a tonal rule
a rhyming rule
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 2 / 33
Fact (Rhythmic Rule)
A rhythmic rule specifies the number of lines (i.e., sentences/clauses) in a
Ci and the number of characters in each line.
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 3 / 33
Fact (Tonal Rule)
A tonal rule specifies the tone of the character in each location of the Ci.
The tones are classified into two categories: Ping (+) and Ze (-).
A tonal rule specifies if a character in each location should take +, −,
or 0, where 0 refers to no tonal requirement.
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 4 / 33
Fact (Rhyming Rule)
A rhyming rule specifies characters at which locations should rhyme.
Fundamental sounding units of Chinese characters: initials (≈
consonants) and finals (≈ vowels)
Rhyming are a final, called a “rhyming foot” or Yunshe, which may
take 16 different sounds.
Lines may form groups; lines in one group rhyme on the same foot;
different groups use different rhyming feet.
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 5 / 33
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