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胡志元__Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical Structure2
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《胡志元__Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical Structure2》这篇论文主要关注的是如何利用指定的韵律结构自动生成中国古代诗歌——词(Ci)。词是中国古代文学的一种独特形式,其韵律规则极为严格,包括了节奏规则、音调规则和押韵规则。 1. 节奏规则:词的节奏规则规定了一首词的行数,以及每行的字数。这种规则决定了词的整体结构,如五言、七言等不同的形式,对于诗词的音乐性和韵律感有着决定性的影响。 2. 音调规则:音调规则则涉及到词中每个位置的字的声调。古代汉语有平声(Ping,+)和仄声(Ze,-)两大类声调。一首词的音调规则会指明每个位置的字应采用的声调是+,-,还是0,其中0表示对该位置的声调没有特定要求。这在一定程度上保证了词的音韵和谐,增强了诗词的朗诵美感。 3. 押韵规则:押韵规则是词韵律美感的关键部分,它规定了词的末尾音节必须遵循的韵脚。词的押韵使得诗词在读诵时产生回环往复的效果,增加了语言的音乐性。 论文中提到,深度神经网络正在重塑自然语言处理(NLP)的领域,并已在对话生成、文档摘要、机器翻译等多个领域取得成功应用。现在,研究人员将这一技术应用于词的自动生成,尝试通过算法模拟古代文人创作词的过程,挑战在严格遵循韵律规则的情况下创作出富有情感和艺术性的诗词。 这项工作不仅是对人工智能技术在文化领域的创新应用,也是对古代文学艺术形式的现代再现。它旨在通过计算机程序理解并模仿复杂的韵律结构,生成符合古诗词韵律规则的词作,从而推动人工智能在文化传承与创新中的作用。同时,这也为研究古代诗词韵律提供了新的工具和方法,有助于更深入地理解和欣赏中国古典文学。
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Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical
Structure
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada
November 15, 2018
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 1 / 33
Deep neural nets are reshaping the landscape of NLP and have been
applied successfully in natural language generation:
dialogue generation
document summarization
machine translation
...
This work: automatic generation of Ci, an ancient Chinese poetry
Fact
Ci is an ancient Chines poetry form with highly restricted metrical rules.
The metrical rules that a Ci must follow are specified by a Cipai. A Cipai
specifies (at least) three kinds of rules:
a rhythmic rule
a tonal rule
a rhyming rule
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 2 / 33
Fact (Rhythmic Rule)
A rhythmic rule specifies the number of lines (i.e., sentences/clauses) in a
Ci and the number of characters in each line.
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 3 / 33
Fact (Tonal Rule)
A tonal rule specifies the tone of the character in each location of the Ci.
The tones are classified into two categories: Ping (+) and Ze (-).
A tonal rule specifies if a character in each location should take +, −,
or 0, where 0 refers to no tonal requirement.
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 4 / 33
Fact (Rhyming Rule)
A rhyming rule specifies characters at which locations should rhyme.
Fundamental sounding units of Chinese characters: initials (≈
consonants) and finals (≈ vowels)
Rhyming are a final, called a “rhyming foot” or Yunshe, which may
take 16 different sounds.
Lines may form groups; lines in one group rhyme on the same foot;
different groups use different rhyming feet.
Richong Zhang
1
, Xinyu Liu
2
, Xinwei Chen
2
Zhiyuan Hu
1
, Zhaoqing Xu
1
, Yongyi Mao
2
(
1
Beihang University, China
2
University of Ottawa, Canada)Generating Chinese Ci with Designated Metrical StructureNovember 15, 2018 5 / 33
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