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考点:
Chapter 1. What is Software Architecture?
理解:软件体系结构(软件架构)的定义、架构模式的概念。
The software architecture of a system is the set of structures needed to reason about the
system, which comprise software elements, relations among them, and properties of both
一个程序的软件体系结构或者一个计算机系统是一个构架或者是一个系统的构架。它包
括软件元素、这些元素的外观,以及它们之间的关系。
Architecture Is a Set of Software Structures
A structure is a set of elements held together by a relation
掌握:软件系统有哪几类结构?在每类结构里,元素及其之间的关系是什么?每类结构
各有哪些常见的结构?其特点是什么?
There are three categories of structures:
Module structures show how a system is to be structured as a set of code or data units that
have to be constructed or procured 获得.
Component-and-connector structures show how the system is to be structured as a set of
elements that have runtime behavior (components) and interactions (connectors).
Allocation structures show how the system will relate to nonsoftware structures in its
environment (such as CPUs, file systems, networks, development teams, etc.).
了解:结构与视图是什么关系?好的结构的一些经验法则。
A view is a representation of a coherent set of architectural elements. A view is a
representation of one or more structures.
Chapter 2. Why is Software Architecture Important?
理解:13 个理由。
An architecture will inhibit or enable a system’s driving quality attributes.
The decisions made in an architecture allow you to reason about and manage change as the
system evolves.
The analysis of an architecture enables early prediction of a system’s qualities.
A documented architecture enhances communication among stakeholders.
The architecture is a carrier of the earliest and hence most fundamental, hardest-to-change
design decisions.
An architecture defines a set of constraints on subsequent implementation.
The architecture dictates the structure of an organization, or vice versa.
An architecture can provide the basis for evolutionary prototyping.
An architecture is the key artifact that allows the architect and project manager to reason
about cost and schedule.
An architecture can be created as a transferable, reusable model that form the heart of a
product line.
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