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纸张计数显示器论文1
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2022-08-04
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摘要纸张计数显示装置基于 RT-Thread 实时操作系统,硬件平台采用 STM32F407单片机为主控制器,以具有抗电磁干扰(EMI)架构的 FDC2214
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2019 年全国大学生电子设计竞赛
纸张计数显示装置(F 题)
【本科组】
JD046
2019 年 8 月 10 日
摘 要
纸张计数显示装置基于 RT-Thread 实时操作系统,硬件平台采用 STM32F407
单片机为主控制器,以具有抗电磁干扰(EMI)架构的 FDC2214 模块作为电容
采集传感器,通过屏蔽双绞线连接至两铜极板,读取采集的数据并进行相应判断,
应用触摸屏和语音模块进行状态显示与播报。FDC2214 模块将采集到的数据通
过 IIC 协议传输给主控制器,主控制器对原始数据进行卡尔曼滤波,抑制噪声对
数据采集的影响。校准模式下,本系统利用最大隶属度法,确定电容模拟值及纸
张数的论域,定义模糊子集和隶属函数,建立模糊规则控制表,求得模糊控制查
询表。其 根据采集到的两极板的数据,做出短路判断并读取多组实时数据,将其
与模拟区间进行归类,选取最大可能性区间作为期望值,减小最终判断的差错率。
关键字: FDC2214 卡尔曼滤波 模糊算法 RT-Thread STM32
Abstract
This system is based on RT-Thread real-time operating system,the hardware
platform adopts STM32F407 microcontroller as the main controller,and FDC2214
module with anti-electromagnetic interference architecture as the capacitor acquisition
sensor.The FDC2214 module is connected to the two metal plates through the
shielded twisted pair,the collected data is sent back from the metal plates to FDC2214
module,after being calculated,we use touch serial port screen and voice module for
state display and broadcast.FDC2214 module transport collected data to the main
controller through IIC protocol,The main controller performs kalman filtering on the
original data to reduce the influence of noise on data collection.In the calibration
mode, the system uses the mean of maximum method to determine the theoretical
domain of capacitance analog value and paper number,define the fuzzy subset and
membership function,establish the fuzzy rule control table, and obtain the fuzzy
control query table.According to the data collected from the two metal plates,it makes
short-circuit judgment and reads multiple sets of real-time data,classifies them with
the simulation interval,selects the maximum probability interval as the expected
value,and reduces the error rate of the final judgment.
Keyword: FDC2214 Kalman Filtering Fuzzy Algorithm RT-Thread STM32
目 录
1 系统方案 ................................................................... 1
1.1 电容式传感器的论证与选择 ............................................................................................ 1
1.2 压力式结构的论证与选择 ................................................................................................ 1
1.3 控制系统模块的论证与选择 ............................................................................................ 2
2 系统理论分析与计算 ......................................................... 2
2.1 测量原理分析计算 .......................................................................................................... 2
2.1.1 创建模型:模拟平行极板电容器 ......................................................................... 2
2.1.2 FDC2214 电容感测原理 ......................................................................................... 3
2.2 抗干扰分析 ........................................................................................................................ 4
2.2.1 卡尔曼滤波器 ......................................................................................................... 4
2.2.2 模糊算法 ................................................................................................................. 5
2.3 误差分析 ............................................................................................................................ 5
2.3.1 极板间充电效应 ..................................................................................................... 5
2.3.2 不同环境下的电磁干扰 ......................................................................................... 5
3 电路与程序设计 ............................................................. 6
3.1 电路的设计 ......................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.1 系统总体框图 .......................................................................................................... 6
3.1.2 硬件电路整体框图 ................................................................................................. 6
3.2 程序的设计 ......................................................................................................................... 7
3.2.1 程序功能描述与设计思路 ...................................................................................... 7
3.2.2 程序流程图 .............................................................................................................. 7
4 测试方案与测试结果 ......................................................... 7
4.1 测试方案 ............................................................................................................................. 7
4.2 测试条件与仪器 ................................................................................................................ 8
4.3 测试结果及分析 ................................................................................................................ 8
4.3.1 测试数据分析 .......................................................................................................... 8
4.3.2 测试结果 .................................................................................................................. 9
4.3.3 测试分析与结论 ...................................................................................................... 9
5 创新特色总结展望 ........................................................... 9
6.参考文献................................................................... 9
附录 1:电路原理图 .......................................................... 10
附录 2:源程序 .............................................................. 10
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