电子书《x86-64AssemblyLanguageProgrammingwithUbuntu》资源-CSDN文库

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x86-64

Assembly Language

Programming

with

Ubuntu

Ed Jorgensen, Ph.D.

Version 1.1.44

May 2022

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
0     Introduction...........................................................................................................1
1    Prerequisites........................................................................................................1
2    What is Assembly Language...............................................................................2
3    Why Learn Assembly Language.........................................................................2
3.1    Gain a Better Understanding of Architecture Issues...................................3
3.2    Understanding the Tool Chain.....................................................................3
3.3    Improve Algorithm Development Skills.....................................................3
3.4    Improve Understanding of Functions/Procedures.......................................3
3.5    Gain an Understanding of I/O Buffering.....................................................4
3.6    Understand Compiler Scope........................................................................4
3.7    Introduction Multi-processing Concepts.....................................................4
3.8    Introduction Interrupt Processing Concepts................................................4
4    Additional References.........................................................................................4
4.1    Ubuntu References......................................................................................5
4.2    BASH Command Line References..............................................................5
4.3    Architecture References..............................................................................5
4.4    Tool Chain References................................................................................5
4.4.1    YASM References...............................................................................6
4.4.2    DDD Debugger References.................................................................6
0     Architecture Overview.........................................................................................7
1    Architecture Overview........................................................................................7
2    Data Storage Sizes...............................................................................................8
3    Central Processing Unit.......................................................................................9
3.1    CPU Registers...........................................................................................10
3.1.1    General Purpose Registers (GPRs)....................................................10
3.1.2    Stack Pointer Register (RSP).............................................................12
3.1.3    Base Pointer Register (RBP)..............................................................12
3.1.4    Instruction Pointer Register (RIP).....................................................12
3.1.5    Flag Register (rFlags)........................................................................12
3.1.6    XMM Registers..................................................................................13
3.2    Cache Memory..........................................................................................14
4    Main Memory....................................................................................................15
5    Memory Layout.................................................................................................17
Page iii

Table of Contents
6    Memory Hierarchy............................................................................................17
7    Exercises............................................................................................................19
7.1    Quiz Questions..........................................................................................19
0     Data Representation...........................................................................................21
1    Integer Representation.......................................................................................21
1.1    Two's Complement....................................................................................23
1.2    Byte Example............................................................................................23
1.3    Word Example...........................................................................................24
2    Unsigned and Signed Addition.........................................................................24
3    Floating-point Representation...........................................................................24
3.1    IEEE 32-bit Representation.......................................................................25
3.1.1    IEEE 32-bit Representation Examples..............................................26
3.1.1.1    Example → -7.75
10
.....................................................................26
3.1.1.2    Example → -0.125
10
...................................................................26
3.1.1.3    Example → 41440000
16
.............................................................27
3.2    IEEE 64-bit Representation.......................................................................27
3.3    Not a Number (NaN).................................................................................27
4    Characters and Strings.......................................................................................28
4.1    Character Representation...........................................................................28
4.1.1    American Standard Code for Information Interchange.....................28
4.1.2    Unicode..............................................................................................29
4.2    String Representation................................................................................29
5    Exercises............................................................................................................29
5.1    Quiz Questions..........................................................................................30
0     Program Format.................................................................................................33
1    Comments..........................................................................................................33
2    Numeric Values.................................................................................................33
3    Defining Constants............................................................................................34
4    Data Section......................................................................................................34
5    BSS Section.......................................................................................................35
6    Text Section.......................................................................................................36
7    Example Program..............................................................................................37
8    Exercises............................................................................................................39
8.1    Quiz Questions..........................................................................................39
0     Tool Chain...........................................................................................................41
1    Assemble/Link/Load Overview........................................................................41
2    Assembler..........................................................................................................43
Page iv

Table of Contents
2.1    Assemble Commands................................................................................43
2.2    List File......................................................................................................43
2.3    Two-Pass Assembler.................................................................................45
2.3.1    First Pass............................................................................................46
2.3.2    Second Pass........................................................................................46
2.4    Assembler Directives.................................................................................47
3    Linker................................................................................................................47
3.1    Linking Multiple Files...............................................................................48
3.2    Linking Process.........................................................................................48
3.3    Dynamic Linking.......................................................................................49
4    Assemble/Link Script........................................................................................50
5    Loader................................................................................................................51
6    Debugger...........................................................................................................52
7    Exercises............................................................................................................52
7.1    Quiz Questions..........................................................................................52
0     DDD Debugger....................................................................................................55
1    Starting DDD.....................................................................................................55
1.1    DDD Configuration Settings.....................................................................57
2    Program Execution with DDD..........................................................................57
2.1    Setting Breakpoints...................................................................................57
2.2    Executing Programs...................................................................................58
2.2.1    Run / Continue...................................................................................60
2.2.2    Next / Step.........................................................................................60
2.3    Displaying Register Contents....................................................................60
2.4    DDD/GDB Commands Summary.............................................................62
2.4.1    DDD/GDB Commands, Examples....................................................64
2.5    Displaying Stack Contents........................................................................65
2.6    Interactive Debugger Commands File.......................................................65
2.6.1    Debugger Commands File (non-interactive).....................................66
2.6.2    Non-interactive Debugger Commands File.......................................67
3    Exercises............................................................................................................67
3.1    Quiz Questions..........................................................................................67
3.2    Suggested Projects.....................................................................................68
0     Instruction Set Overview....................................................................................71
1    Notational Conventions.....................................................................................71
1.1    Operand Notation......................................................................................72
2    Data Movement.................................................................................................73
Page v