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ix
OracCertPrs8/Oracle Database SQL Certified Expert Exam Guide (Exam 1Z0-047)/O’Hearn/161421-4/
Front Matter
CONTENTS AT A GLANCE
1 Introduction to SQL ............................. 1
2 Using DDL Statements to Create and Manage Tables .......... 45
3 Manipulating Data .............................. 93
4 Retrieving Data Using the SQL SELECT Statement .......... 137
5 Restricting and Sorting Data ........................ 169
6 Using Single-Row Functions to Customize Output . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
7 Reporting Aggregated Data Using the Group Functions ......... 275
8 Displaying Data from Multiple Tables ................... 311
9 Retrieving Data Using Subqueries ..................... 345
10 Creating Other Schema Objects ...................... 381
11 Managing Schema Objects ......................... 423
12 Using the Set Operators ........................... 487
13 Generating Reports by Grouping Related Data ............... 511
14 Managing Objects with Data Dictionary Views .............. 533
15 Manipulating Large Data Sets ....................... 559
16 Hierarchical Retrieval ............................ 615
17 Regular Expression Support ......................... 639
18 Controlling User Access .......................... 673
A About the CD ................................ 709
Glossary .................................... 713
Index ...................................... 729
xi
OracCertPrs8/Oracle Database SQL Certified Expert Exam Guide (Exam 1Z0-047)/O’Hearn/161421-4/
Front Matter
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix
1 Introduction to SQL ........................... 1
The Exam: An Overview ................................. 2
“SQL Fundamentals I” Versus “SQL Expert” ............. 4
What to Expect .................................. 10
Define and Understand the Basics of the RDBMS ................ 13
Relational Databases and Dr. E.F. Codd ................. 14
Database Normalization ............................ 16
Database Design Considerations ...................... 17
Define and Understand the Basics of SQL ..................... 18
Understand the Oracle RDBMS and Oracle SQL ................ 21
Oracle Is the Market Leader ......................... 21
Certification: Oracle SQL Versus ANSI SQL ............ 23
Certification: Oracle SQL Versus Oracle SQL*Plus ........ 23
Oracle’s Tools for Working with SQL .................. 23
Oracle’s Documentation for SQL ..................... 25
Understand the Unique Role of SQL in Modern Software Systems ... 26
SQL Is a 4GL ................................... 26
SQL: Gateway to the RDBMS for All Other Languages ..... 28
Syntax Isn’t Enough ............................... 30
Confirm Appropriate Materials for Study ...................... 31
Software ....................................... 32
Documentation .................................. 32
Certification Summary ................................... 34
3 Two-Minute Drill ................................. 35
Q&A Self Test ....................................... 38
Self Test Answers ................................. 42
xii
OCA Oracle Database SQL Certified Expert Exam Guide (Exam 1Z0-047)
OracCertPrs8/Oracle Database SQL Certified Expert Exam Guide (Exam 1Z0-047)/O’Hearn/161421-4/
Front Matter
2 Using DDL Statements to Create and
Manage Tables ................................ 45
Categorize the Main Database Objects ........................ 46
What Are Database Objects? ........................ 46
Schemas ....................................... 48
Create a Simple Table .................................... 50
Naming a Table or Other Object ...................... 51
The SQL Statement CREATE TABLE ................. 58
Review the Table Structure ................................ 59
List the Data Types That Are Available for Columns ............. 60
Character ...................................... 61
Numeric ....................................... 62
Date .......................................... 63
Large Objects (LOBs) ............................. 65
Explain How Constraints Are Created at the Time of Table Creation ... 67
Creating CONSTRAINTS in the CREATE TABLE
Statement .................................... 67
The Types of CONSTRAINTS ...................... 72
Certification Summary ................................... 81
3 Two-Minute Drill ................................. 82
Q&A Self Test ....................................... 84
Self Test Answers ................................. 89
3 Manipulating Data ............................ 93
Describe Each Data Manipulation Language (DML) Statement ...... 94
SQL Statement Overview .......................... 94
DML Statement Descriptions ........................ 98
Insert Rows into a Table .................................. 98
Default Column List .............................. 99
Enumerated Column List ........................... 103
Update Rows in a Table .................................. 106
Expressions ..................................... 108
Constraints ..................................... 108
The WHERE Clause .............................. 110
Delete Rows from a Table ................................. 111
Control Transactions .................................... 112
COMMIT ...................................... 112
ROLLBACK .................................... 116
OracCertPrs8/Oracle Database SQL Certified Expert Exam Guide (Exam 1Z0-047)/O’Hearn/161421-4/
Front Matter
Contents
xiii
SAVEPOINT ................................... 119
ROLLBACK Revisited ............................. 121
Certification Summary ................................... 122
3 Two-Minute Drill ................................. 125
Q&A Self Test ....................................... 128
Self Test Answers ................................. 133
4 Retrieving Data Using the SQL SELECT Statement ... 137
Execute a Basic SELECT Statement ......................... 138
The SELECT Statement—An Example ................ 139
SELECT: Minimum Requirements .................... 140
List the Capabilities of SQL SELECT Statements ................ 141
The SELECT Statement—An Overview ................ 142
Expressions ..................................... 146
Additional SELECT Statement Clauses ................ 151
The Capabilities of SELECT ........................ 152
Describe How Schema Objects Work ......................... 154
Tables ......................................... 155
Constraints ..................................... 155
Views ......................................... 155
Indexes ........................................ 156
Sequences ...................................... 156
Synonyms ...................................... 157
Certification Summary ................................... 157
3 Two-Minute Drill ................................. 159
Q&A Self Test ....................................... 161
Self Test Answers ................................. 166
5 Restricting and Sorting Data .................... 169
Limit the Rows That Are Retrieved by a Query ................. 170
The WHERE Clause .............................. 170
Boolean Logic ................................... 177
Additional WHERE Clause Features ................... 181
Additional Concepts .............................. 184
Sort the Rows That Are Retrieved by a Query .................. 184
Reference by Name ............................... 185
Expressions ..................................... 189
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