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How Linux Works(NoStarch,2ed,2014)
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2015-04-02
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Unlike some operating systems, Linux doesn't try to hide the important bits from you—it gives you full control of your computer. But to truly master Linux, you need to understand its internals, like how the system boots, how networking works, and what the kernel actually does. In this completely revised second edition of the perennial best seller How Linux Works, author Brian Ward makes the concepts behind Linux internals accessible to anyone curious about the inner workings of the operating system. Inside, you'll find the kind of knowledge that normally comes from years of experience doing things the hard way.
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Praise for the First Edition of How Linux Works
“A great resource. In roughly 350 pages, the book covers all the basics.”
—EWEEK
“I would definitely recommend this book to those who are interested in Linux, but have not had the experience
to know the inner workings of the OS.”
—O’REILLYNET
“One of the best basic books on learning Linux, written with the power user in mind. Five stars.”
—OPENSOURCE-BOOK-REVIEWS.COM
“Succeeds admirably because of the way in which it’s organized and the level of technical detail it offers.”
—KICKSTART NEWS
“This is a very different introduction to Linux. It’s unflashy, concentrates on the command line, and digs
around in the internals rather than on GUI frontends that take the place of more familiar MS Windows tools.”
—TECHBOOKREPORT.COM
“This book does a good job of explaining the nuts and bolts of how Linux operates.”
—HOSTING RESOLVE
www.it-ebooks.info
Preface
I wrote this book because I believe you should be able to learn what your computer does. You should be able
to make your software do what you want it to do (within the reasonable limits of its capabilities, of course).
The key to attaining this power lies in understanding the fundamentals of what the software does and how it
works, and that’s what this book is all about. You should never have to fight with a computer.
Linux is a great platform for learning because it doesn’t try to hide anything from you. In particular, most
system configuration can be found in plaintext files that are easy enough to read. The only tricky part is
figuring out which parts are responsible for what and how it all fits together.
Who Should Read This Book?
Your interest in learning how Linux works may have come from any number of sources. In the professional
realm, operations and DevOps folks need to know nearly everything that you’ll find in this book. Linux
software architects and developers should also know this material in order to make the best use of the operating
system. Researchers and students, often left to run their own Linux systems, will also find that this book
provides useful explanations for why things are set up the way they are.
Then there are the tinkerers—people who just love to play around with their computers for fun, profit, or both.
Want to know why certain things work while others don’t? Want to know what happens if you move something
around? You’re probably a tinkerer.
Prerequisites
Although Linux is beloved by programmers, you do not need to be a programmer to read this book; you need
only basic computer-user knowledge. That is, you should be able to bumble around a GUI (especially the
installer and settings interface for a Linux distribution) and know what files and directories (folders) are. You
should also be prepared to check additional documentation on your system and on the Web. As mentioned
earlier, the most important thing you need is to be ready and willing to play around with your computer.
How to Read This Book
Building the requisite knowledge is a challenge in tackling any technical subject. When explaining how
software systems work, things can get really complicated. Too much detail bogs down the reader and makes
the important stuff difficult to grasp (the human brain just can’t process so many new concepts at once), but
too little detail leaves the reader in the dark and unprepared for later material.
I’ve designed most chapters to tackle the most important material first: the basic information that you’ll need
in order to progress. In places, I’ve simplified things in order to keep focus. As a chapter progresses, you’ll
see much more detail, especially in the last few sections. Do you need to know those bits right away? In most
cases, no, as I often note. If your eyes start to glaze over when faced with a lot of extra details about stuff that
you only just learned, don’t hesitate to skip ahead to the next chapter or just take a break. The nitty-gritty will
still be there waiting for you.
A Hands-On Approach
However you choose to proceed through this book, you should have a Linux machine in front of you,
preferably one that you’re confident abusing with experiments. You might prefer to play around with a virtual
installation—I used VirtualBox to test much of the material in this book. You should have superuser (root)
www.it-ebooks.info
access, but you should use a regular user account most of the time. You’ll mostly work at the command line,
in a terminal window or a remote session. If you haven’t worked much in this environment, no problem;
Chapter 2 will bring you up to speed.
Commands in this book will typically look like this:
$ ls /
[some output]
Enter the text in bold; the non-bolded text that follows is what the machine spits back. The $ is the prompt for
your regular user account. If you see a # as a prompt, you should be superuser. (More on that in Chapter 2.)
How This Book is Organized
I’ve grouped the book’s chapters into three basic parts. The first is introductory, giving you a bird’s-eye view
of the system and then offering hands-on experience with some tools you’ll need for as long as you run Linux.
Next, you’ll explore each part of the system in more detail, from device management to network configuration,
following the general order in which the system starts. Finally, you’ll get a tour of some pieces of a running
system, learn some essential skills, and get some insight into the tools that programmers use.
With the exception of Chapter 2, most of the early chapters heavily involve the Linux kernel, but you’ll work
your way into user space as the book progresses. (If you don’t know what I’m talking about here, don’t worry;
I’ll explain in Chapter 1.)
The material here is meant to be as distribution-agnostic as possible. Having said this, it can be tedious to
cover all variations in systems software, so I’ve tried to cover the two major distribution families: Debian
(including Ubuntu) and RHEL/Fedora/CentOS. It’s also focused on desktop and server installations. There is
a significant amount of carryover into embedded systems, such as Android and OpenWRT, but it’s up to you
to discover the differences on those platforms.
What’s New in the Second Edition?
The first edition of this book dealt primarily with the user-centric side of a Linux system. It focused on
understanding how the parts worked and how to get them humming. At that time, many parts of Linux were
difficult to install and configure properly.
This is happily no longer the case thanks to the hard work of the people who write software and create Linux
distributions. With this in mind, I have omitted some older and perhaps less relevant material (such as a
detailed explanation of printing) in favor of an expanded discussion of the Linux kernel’s role in every Linux
distribution. You probably interact with the kernel more than you realize, and I’ve taken special care to note
where.
Of course, so much of the original subject matter in this book has changed over the years, and I’ve taken pains
to sort through the material in the first edition in search of updates. Of particular interest is how Linux boots
and how it manages devices. I’ve also taken care to rearrange material to match the interests and needs of
current readers.
One thing that hasn’t changed is the size of this book. I want to give you the stuff that you need to get on the
fast track, and that includes explaining certain details along the way that can be hard to grasp, but I don’t want
you to have to become a weightlifter in order to pick up this book. When you’re on top of the important
subjects here, you should have no trouble seeking out and understanding more details.
I’ve also omitted some of the historical information that was in the first edition, primarily to keep you focused.
If you’re interested in Linux and how it relates to the history of Unix, pick up Peter H. Salus’s The Daemon,
www.it-ebooks.info
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资源评论
- yaozuohaoren2016-02-28经典书籍,为楼主赞一个!!
- phenix2015-07-28绝佳的经典资料,有没有中文版的啊?
- jcp0417692015-11-04很深入简出的一本 深入介绍linux的书籍。
- gohan2017-05-02图灵官网有中文版购买, 我已经买了
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