MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual
3.6.8 Calculating Visits Per Day ................................................................................. 333
3.6.9 Using AUTO_INCREMENT ............................................................................... 334
3.7 Using MySQL with Apache .......................................................................................... 336
4 MySQL Programs .................................................................................................................. 339
4.1 Overview of MySQL Programs ..................................................................................... 340
4.2 Using MySQL Programs .............................................................................................. 343
4.2.1 Invoking MySQL Programs ............................................................................... 343
4.2.2 Specifying Program Options .............................................................................. 344
4.2.3 Command Options for Connecting to the Server ................................................ 357
4.2.4 Connecting to the MySQL Server Using Command Options ................................ 367
4.2.5 Connecting to the Server Using URI-Like Strings or Key-Value Pairs ................... 370
4.2.6 Connecting to the Server Using DNS SRV Records ........................................... 377
4.2.7 Connection Transport Protocols ........................................................................ 378
4.2.8 Connection Compression Control ...................................................................... 379
4.2.9 Setting Environment Variables .......................................................................... 383
4.3 Server and Server-Startup Programs ........................................................................... 384
4.3.1 mysqld — The MySQL Server .......................................................................... 384
4.3.2 mysqld_safe — MySQL Server Startup Script .................................................... 385
4.3.3 mysql.server — MySQL Server Startup Script .................................................... 391
4.3.4 mysqld_multi — Manage Multiple MySQL Servers .............................................. 393
4.4 Installation-Related Programs ...................................................................................... 396
4.4.1 comp_err — Compile MySQL Error Message File .............................................. 396
4.4.2 mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security ...................... 398
4.4.3 mysql_ssl_rsa_setup — Create SSL/RSA Files .................................................. 402
4.4.4 mysql_tzinfo_to_sql — Load the Time Zone Tables ............................................ 404
4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables ...................................... 405
4.5 Client Programs .......................................................................................................... 414
4.5.1 mysql — The MySQL Command-Line Client ...................................................... 414
4.5.2 mysqladmin — A MySQL Server Administration Program ................................... 449
4.5.3 mysqlcheck — A Table Maintenance Program ................................................... 462
4.5.4 mysqldump — A Database Backup Program ..................................................... 473
4.5.5 mysqlimport — A Data Import Program ............................................................. 502
4.5.6 mysqlpump — A Database Backup Program ..................................................... 513
4.5.7 mysqlshow — Display Database, Table, and Column Information ........................ 532
4.5.8 mysqlslap — A Load Emulation Client ............................................................... 541
4.6 Administrative and Utility Programs .............................................................................. 553
4.6.1 ibd2sdi — InnoDB Tablespace SDI Extraction Utility ........................................... 553
4.6.2 innochecksum — Offline InnoDB File Checksum Utility ....................................... 556
4.6.3 myisam_ftdump — Display Full-Text Index information ....................................... 562
4.6.4 myisamchk — MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility .............................................. 563
4.6.5 myisamlog — Display MyISAM Log File Contents .............................................. 579
4.6.6 myisampack — Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables .................... 580
4.6.7 mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility ........................................... 586
4.6.8 mysql_migrate_keyring — Keyring Key Migration Utility ...................................... 592
4.6.9 mysqlbinlog — Utility for Processing Binary Log Files ......................................... 598
4.6.10 mysqldumpslow — Summarize Slow Query Log Files ....................................... 624
4.7 Program Development Utilities ..................................................................................... 626
4.7.1 mysql_config — Display Options for Compiling Clients ....................................... 626
4.7.2 my_print_defaults — Display Options from Option Files ...................................... 628
4.8 Miscellaneous Programs .............................................................................................. 629
4.8.1 lz4_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump LZ4-Compressed Output ................ 629
4.8.2 perror — Display MySQL Error Message Information .......................................... 629
4.8.3 zlib_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump ZLIB-Compressed Output .............. 630
4.9 Environment Variables ................................................................................................. 630
4.10 Unix Signal Handling in MySQL ................................................................................. 633
5 MySQL Server Administration ................................................................................................. 637
5.1 The MySQL Server ..................................................................................................... 638
5.1.1 Configuring the Server ...................................................................................... 639
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