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* W I N A M O V A 1.04 *
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Analysis of Molecular Variance for Windows
Copyright by Laurent Excoffier, University of Geneva, Switzerland, 1992
This program has been designed as a tool to study the genetic structure of populations using
molecular information.
Version 1.04 of WINAMOVA is a somewhat debugged version of WINAMOVA 1.00 released in
June 1992. The speed of the Variance components testing has been considerably improved. The
interface has also been adapted to Windows 3.1
Theoretical considerations on the different statistics computed by this program can be found in :
Excoffier L, Smouse PE, and Quattro JM (1992) Analysis of Molecular Variance Inferred from
Metric Distances Among DNA Haplotypes : Application to Human Mitochondrial DNA Data.
Genetics 131:479.491.
The users are strongly advised to read this paper before doing any AMOVA analysis !
Input ASCII Files required :
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1) An Inter-haplotypes squared distance file :
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This file should contain a lower diagonal matrix of squared distances among haplotypes (alleles,
DNA sequences), with zeroes on the diagonal. The haplotype order should correspond to the
sequence of the identification numbers appearing in the population files.
The computation of such distances is left to the responsibility of the user. Euclidian distances
are preferred as explained in Excoffier et al. 1992. Distances must be separated by blanks.
You may consult the example file (56HAPLOTYP.DIS) given in the distribution package.
The maximum number of haplotypes is 255.
2) A Group file :
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This file contains information on the hierarchical structure of the populations. The number of
population groups (n) must appear as the first figure on the first line. The following n lines must
state which populations are found in each of the n groups. All the populations should be numbered
sequentially from 1 to r, without holes. These numbers will then be used as an extension of the
generic population name asked by the program. An example file (REGION.GRP) is provided in
the distribution package.
The maximum number of groups is 100.
3) A series of population files:
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There must be r population files. Their names must begin by a generic population name, followed
by an identification number, plus the extension *.POP. The examples given in the distribution
package are POPVAR*.POP.
The structure of each file is as follows:
First line: The first figure must state the total sample size in number of chromosomes. A comment
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