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Writing MATLAB C/MEX Code

Pascal Getreuer, April 2010

Contents

Page

1 Introduction 1

2 Getting Started 2

3 Inputs and Outputs 3

4 Numeric Arrays 5

5 Creating an Uninitialized Numeric Array 8

6 Calling a MATLAB function from MEX 9

7 Calling a MATLAB function handle from MEX 11

8 Calling MATLAB from a non-MEX Program 14

9 Memory 15

10 Non-Numeric Variables 19

11 FFTs with FFTW 23

12 Miscellaneous 27

13 Further Reading 28

Inputs and Outputs

Of course, a function like hello.c with no inputs or outputs is not very useful. To understand inputs

and outputs, let’s take a closer look at the line

void mexFunction(int nlhs, mxArray

plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray

prhs[])

Here “mxArray” is a type for representing a Matlab variable, and the arguments are:

C/MEX Meaning M-code equivalent

nlhs Number of output variables nargout

plhs Array of mxArray pointers to the output variables varargout

nrhs Number of input variables nargin

prhs Array of mxArray pointers to the input variables varargin

These MEX variables are analogous to the M-code variables nargout, varargout, nargin, and varargin.

The naming “lhs” is an abbreviation for left-hand side (output variables) and “rhs” is an abbreviation

for right-hand side (input variables).

For example, suppose the MEX-function is called as

[X,Y] = mymexfun(A,B,C)

Then nlhs = 2 and plhs[0] and plhs[1] are pointers (type mxArray*) pointing respectively to X and Y.

Similarly, the inputs are given by rlhs = 3 with prhs[0], prhs[1], and prhs[2] pointing respectively

to A, B, and C.

The output variables are initially unassigned; it is the responsibility of the MEX-function to create

them. If nlhs = 0, the MEX-function is still allowed return one output variable, in which case plhs[0]

represents the ans variable.

The following code demonstrates a MEX-function with inputs and outputs.

normalizecols.c

NORMALIZECOLS.C Normalize the columns of a matrix

Syntax: B = normalizecols(A)

or B = normalizecols(A,p)

The columns of matrix A are normalized so that norm(B(:,n),p) = 1.

#include <math.h>

#include "mex.h"

#define IS REAL 2D FULL DOUBLE(P) (!mxIsComplex(P) && \

mxGetNumberOfDimensions(P) == 2 && !mxIsSparse(P) && mxIsDouble(P))

#define IS REAL SCALAR(P) (IS REAL 2D FULL DOUBLE(P) && mxGetNumberOfElements(P) == 1)

void mexFunction(int nlhs, mxArray

plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray

prhs[])

{

Macros for the ouput and input arguments

#define B OUT plhs[0]

array的维度是大于等于2的，标量的维度也是2

剩余28页未读，继续阅读

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