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RULES FOR

MATERIALS AND WELDING

JANUARY 2021

PART 2

American Bureau of Shipping

Incorporated by Act of Legislature of

the State of New York 1862

1701 City Plaza Drive

Spring, TX 77389 USA

P A R T

Foreword

For the 1996 edition, the “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels – Part 2: Materials and Welding”

was re-titled “Rule Requirements for Materials and Welding (Part 2).” The purpose of this generic title

was to emphasize the common applicability of the material and welding requirements in “Part 2” to ABS

classed vessels, other marine structures and their associated machinery, and thereby make “Part 2” more

readily a common “Part” of the various ABS Rules and Guides, as appropriate.

Accordingly, the subject booklet, Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2), is to be considered, for

example, as being applicable and comprising a “Part” of the following ABS Rules and Guides:

●

Rules for Building and Classing Marine Vessels

●

Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways

●

Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Units

●

Rules for Building and Classing Steel Barges

●

Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Craft

●

Rules for Building and Classing Floating Production Installations

●

Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Naval Craft

●

Guide for Building and Classing Liftboats

●

Guide for Building and Classing International Naval Ships

●

Guide for Building and Classing Yachts

In the 2002 edition, Section 4, “Piping” was added to Part 2, Chapter 4, “Welding and Fabrication”. This

Section is applicable only to piping to be installed on vessels to be built in accordance with the ABS Rules

for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Offshore Support

Vessels, or the ABS Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Naval Craft.

In the 2004 edition, Part 2 was reorganized to incorporate the new divisions “Rules for Testing and

Certification of Materials,” comprised of Chapters 1, 2 and 3 and Appendices 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and “Rules

for Welding and Fabrication,” comprised of Chapter 4 and Appendices 2 and 3. This reorganization was

purely an editorial change intended to clarify the requirements for the materials themselves and for

construction, respectively, and does not contain any technical changes.

In the 2018 edition, Part 2 was consolidated to include both the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding

(Part 2) and the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2) – Aluminum and Fiber Reinforced Plastics

(FRP).

ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 ii

P A R T

Materials and Welding

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 Materials for Hull Construction.......................................................... 1

Section 1 General Requirements.......................................................9

Section 2 Ordinary-strength Hull Structural Steel ........................... 28

Section 3 Higher-strength Hull Structural Steel .............................. 38

Section 4 Low Temperature Materials............................................. 45

Section 5 Hull Steel Castings.......................................................... 47

Section 6 Hull Steel Forgings.......................................................... 53

Section 7 Ordinary and Higher Strength Steels with Enhanced

Corrosion Resistance Properties for Cargo Oil Tanks

(2014).............................................................................. 59

Section 8 Extra High Strength Steel (2018).....................................65

CHAPTER 2 Equipment.......................................................................................... 75

Section 1 Anchors ...........................................................................79

Section 2 Anchor Chain .................................................................. 93

Section 3 Rolled Steel Bars for Chain, Cast and Forged

Materials for Accessories and Materials for Studs ........ 111

CHAPTER 3 Materials for Machinery, Boilers, Pressure Vessels, and Piping. 115

Section 1 General Requirements...................................................132

Section 2 Steel Plates for Machinery, Boilers and Pressure

Vessels.......................................................................... 142

Section 3 Seamless Forged-steel Drums...................................... 152

Section 4 Seamless-steel Pressure Vessels................................. 153

Section 5 Boiler and Superheater Tubes....................................... 154

Section 6 Boiler Rivet and Staybolt Steel and Rivets.................... 169

Section 7 Steel Machinery Forgings.............................................. 171

Section 8 Hot-rolled Steel Bars for Machinery...............................205

Section 9 Steel Castings for Machinery, Boilers and Pressure

Vessels.......................................................................... 206

Section 10 Ductile (Nodular) Iron Castings (2006) ......................... 212

Section 11 Gray-iron Castings (2006)............................................. 221

Section 12 Steel Piping....................................................................226

Section 13 Piping, Valves and Fittings for Low-temperature

Service[ Below -18°C (0°F) ] ........................................ 244

Section 14 Bronze Castings............................................................ 247

Section 15 Austenitic Stainless Steel Propeller Castings................ 252

Section 16 Seamless Copper Piping (1998)....................................255

ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 iii

Section 17 Seamless Red-brass Piping.......................................... 259

Section 18 Seamless Copper Tube (1998)......................................262

Section 19 Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tube (1998)............... 265

Section 20 Copper-Nickel Tube and Pipe (1998)............................ 272

Section 21 Monel Pipe and Tube (1999)......................................... 279

CHAPTER 4 Welding and Fabrication................................................................. 286

Section 1 Hull Construction........................................................... 294

Section 2 Boilers, Unfired Pressure Vessels, Piping and

Engineering Structures*.................................................302

Section 3 Weld Tests..................................................................... 327

Section 4 Piping (2002)................................................................. 351

Section 5 Aluminum Welding in Hull Construction (2018)............. 359

CHAPTER 5 Materials for Hull Construction – Aluminum.................................391

Section 1 General.......................................................................... 395

Section 2 Standard Test Methods..................................................399

Section 3 Chemical Composition...................................................400

Section 4 Heat Treatment.............................................................. 402

Section 5 Tensile Properties.......................................................... 403

Section 6 Corrosion Testing...........................................................415

Section 7 Sheet, Plate and Rolled Products..................................417

Section 8 Extrusions...................................................................... 419

Section 9 Forgings.........................................................................422

Section 10 Castings.........................................................................424

Section 11 Rivets.............................................................................426

Appendix 1 Aluminum/Steel Bi-material Transition Joints (2015)..... 427

Appendix 2 Dissimilar Materials (2015)............................................ 434

Appendix 3 List of Destructive and Nondestructive Tests

Required for Materials and Responsibility for

Verifying (2017)..............................................................435

CHAPTER 6 Materials for Hull Construction – Fiber Reinforced Plastics

(FRP)................................................................................................. 437

Section 1 General.......................................................................... 442

Section 2 Fabrication..................................................................... 449

Section 3 Building Process Description......................................... 451

Section 4 Quality Control............................................................... 461

Section 5 Testing........................................................................... 468

Section 6 Repair............................................................................ 470

APPENDIX 1 Tests Required for Materials, and Responsibility for Verifying...484

Section 1 List of Destructive and Nondestructive Tests

Required for Materials and Responsibility for Verifying. 485

ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 iv

APPENDIX 2 Requirements for the Approval of Filler Metals............................ 492

Section 1 General.......................................................................... 497

Section 2 Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding....................511

Section 3 Wire-Flux Combinations for Submerged Arc Welding... 518

Section 4 Wire and Wire Gas Combinations for Gas Metal Arc

Welding and Flux Cored Wires for Flux Cored Arc

Welding..........................................................................527

Section 5 Requirements for the Approval of Aluminum Filler

Metals (2018).................................................................535

APPENDIX 3 Application of Filler Metals to ABS Steels.....................................541

Section 1 Application of Filler Metals to ABS Steels (2014).......... 542

APPENDIX 4 Procedure for the Approval of Manufacturers of Hull

Structural Steel (2003)..................................................................... 544

Section 1 Procedure for the Approval of Manufacturers of

Semi-Finished Products for Hull Structural Steel

(2010)............................................................................ 546

Section 2 Procedure for the Approval of Manufacturers of

Rolled Hull Structural Steel (2010)................................ 551

Section 3 Procedure for the Approval of Manufacturers of Extra

High Strength Steels (2018).......................................... 560

APPENDIX 5 Hull Structural Steels Intended for Welding with High Heat

Input.................................................................................................. 572

Section 1 Procedure for the Approval of Manufacturers of

Hull Structural Steels Intended for Welding with

High Heat Input (2006) ................................................573

APPENDIX 6 Nondestructive Examination of Marine Steel Castings (2014).... 577

Section 1 General ......................................................................... 579

Section 2 Surface Inspection ........................................................ 580

Section 3 Volumetric Inspection.....................................................585

Annex 1 General Location for the Type of Nondestructive

Examinations of Typical Hull Steel Castings..................588

APPENDIX 7 Nondestructive Examination of Hull and Machinery Steel

Forgings (2014)................................................................................ 593

Section 1 General ......................................................................... 595

Section 2 Surface Inspection ........................................................ 596

Section 3 Volumetric Inspection.....................................................607

APPENDIX 8 Steel with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance Properties............... 615

ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 v

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