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【船级社】 BV NI 537 Guidelines for the design of the means of acces
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【船级社】 BV NI 537 Guidelines for the design of the means of access for inspection, maintenance and operation of commercial ships 537-NI_2008-04.pdf
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Guidelines for the Design of the Means of
Access for Inspection, Maintenance and
Operation of Commercial Ships
April 2008
Guidance Note
NI 537 DT R00 E
17 bis, Place des Reflets – La Défense 2 – 92400 Courbevoie
Postal Address : 92077 Paris La Défense Cedex
Tel. 33 (0) 1 42 91 52 91 – Fax. 33 (0) 1 42 91 53 20
Email : veristarinfo@bureauveritas.com
Web : http://www.veristar.com
MARINE DIVISION
GENERAL CONDITIONS
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NI 537
April 2008 BUREAU VERITAS
1
T
ABLE OF
C
ONTENTS
I
NTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF THE GUIDELINES
3
1.
T
HE METHOD
4
1.1. User feedback 4
1.2. An ergonomic approach: anthropometric analysis of the
Means of Access (MAs) 4
1.2.1. Ergonomics 4
1.2.2. Anthropometry 5
1.2.2.1.
Definition 5
1.2.2.2.
Anthropometric design 5
1.2.2.2.1.
Population description 5
1.2.2.2.2.
Constraint definition 6
1.2.2.2.3.
Environmental considerations 7
1.2.2.2.4.
Scope of guidelines and means of access considered 7
1.2.2.2.5.
Design strategies 7
1.2.2.3.
Guidelines development stage 8
2.
T
HE
G
UIDELINES
:
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN AND
USE OF THE
M
EANS OF
A
CCESS
(MA
S
) 9
2.1. Walkways, guardrails and handrails 9
2.1.1. Walkways and platforms 10
2.1.1.1.
General requirements for walkways 10
2.1.1.2.
Requirements for walkways – clearance 11
2.1.1.3.
Requirements for walkways – around webframes 12
2.1.1.4.
Requirements for low height structures 13
2.1.1.5.
Requirements for handrails – 1 14
2.1.1.6.
Requirements for handrails – 2 15
2.1.2. Handles 16
2.1.2.1.
Requirements for handles 16
NI 537
BUREAU VERITAS April 2008
2
2.1.2.2.
Requirements for handles – clearance 16
2.2. Openings 17
2.2.1. Vertical openings 18
2.2.1.1.
Requirements for vertical openings – design 1 18
2.2.1.2.
Requirements for vertical openings – design 2 19
2.2.1.3.
Requirements for vertical openings – design 3 20
2.2.1.4.
Requirements for access to vertical openings 21
2.2.2. Horizontal openings 22
2.2.2.1.
Requirements for horizontal openings – other than access openings 22
2.2.2.2.
Requirements for horizontal openings 23
2.3. Vertical ladders 24
2.3.1. Requirements for embedded steps 24
2.3.2. Requirements for ladders with curved stringers 25
2.3.3. General requirements for vertical ladders 26
2.3.4. Requirements for the arrangement of vertical ladders – 1 27
2.3.5. Requirements for the arrangement of vertical ladders – 2 29
2.3.6. Requirements for safety cages 30
2.4. Inclined ladders or stair ladders 31
2.4.1. General requirements for inclined ladders 31
2.4.2. Detailed requirements for inclined ladders 32
2.4.3. Requirements for the arrangement of inclined ladders 33
2.5. General requirements, advice and best practice 33
2.5.1. Marking of the means of access 33
2.5.2. Slip resistance 35
2.5.3. Training 37
2.5.4. Maintenance 37
R
EFERENCES
38
NI 537
April 2008 BUREAU VERITAS
3
Introduction and history of the guidelines
These guidelines aim to provide detailed information on the design features that
should be included, when considering the means of access of a ship, in order to
reduce the risk of slips, trips and falls. In 2004 the International Maritime
Organisation adopted amendments to SOLAS Reg.II-1/3-6 on technical provisions
for access to and within spaces in and forward of the cargo area oil tankers and
bulk carriers [Resolution MSC.151 (78)] and amendments to the Technical
provisions for means of access for inspections (Resolution MSC.158 (78)], for
entry into force on 1
st
January 2006.
In response to this, IACS published Unified Interpretations, namely IACS UI SC
191 for the application of amended SOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6 and revised
Technical Provisions for means of access for inspections. Thus, these
interpretations provide technical specifications with particular dimensional
requirements for ensuring the safe access of the different compartments of oil
tankers and bulk carriers.
However, these interpretations sometimes remain too general and do not cover
the spectrum of issues one can face when using the means of access. Moreover,
they only deal with oil tankers and bulk carriers although the other types of ships
should also be provided with safe means of access.
Therefore, Bureau Veritas developed these guidelines to help those involved in the
design of ships ensure that the means of access for inspection, maintenance and
operation are safe and effective. The guidelines set out the ergonomic standards
that will ensure that all users of the ship from seafarers to part time users such as
shipyard workers and surveyors, can safely access the ship’s compartments.
The objective of these guidelines is not to replace the existing regulatory
requirements for the design of the means of access: it does not provide
interpretations of the IMO regulations and technical provisions, nor of the IACS
unified interpretations. On the contrary, it provides designers and ship owners who
wish to go further in the prevention of occupational accidents with a means to do
so. Furthermore, while the IMO definition of means of access is restricted to those
used for inspection, in this document this phrase describes the means of access
for inspection, maintenance and operation of the ship as well.
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